04.01.24
Editorial Note
Like in other Western countries, the reaction to the Hamas attack and the Gaza war is going through a wave of unrest led by the Palestinians and pro-Palestinian advocates. An important goal of the protest is to sever the special relations between Germany and Israel initiated after WWII and the Holocaust. German academia, like its American and British counterparts, is serving as the torchbearer of the mission. Not surprisingly, to push the Palestinian narrative, Arab groups have recruited in Germany Israelis and Jews to deflect accusations of antisemitism.
Adam Broomberg is a case in point.
A South African Jewish artist, activist, and educator, Broomberg resides in Berlin. He is a visiting professor for Media Arts at the Staatliche Hochschule für Gestaltung Karlsruhe, and a practice supervisor on the MA in photography & society at The Royal Academy of Art in the Hague. His activist work includes founding the NGO Artists + Allies x Hebron, which he co-directs with the Palestinian activist Issa Amro.
Amro, according to a letter by the Israeli Ministry of Justice from 2021, was indicted with “assault of a public servant, hindering a soldier, incitement, breach of a restricted zone order, malicious cause of damage to property, and participation in an unauthorized procession,” for his involvement in five events during the years 2010-2016.
Recently, Artists + Allies x Hebron launched a new online magazine described as “a tool for resistance,” featuring Palestinian artists. For the group, Hebron is “the only place in which Israeli settlers are living in the heart of a Palestinian city.” One artist speaks about coping with Islamophobia and “draws on the trauma experienced after one of his university friends was attacked by a group of men in the street in Bourges, France.” Another artist deals with Queer Palestinians. As Broomberg explains, “It’s super important to also show queer Palestinian culture because I really believe that the only way forward is intersectional solidarity… We need different struggles—Black Lives Matter, LGBTQ+ and environmental issues and indigenous rights—to intersect.”
Broomberg’s lack of integrity is staggering. First, in referring to “Israeli settlers” living in Hebron, the South African academic conveniently forgot to mention that Jews lived in Hebron for centuries and it is one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world. In 1929, a Palestinian mob initiated a pogrom, killing many Jews. Second, his desire to show queer Palestinian culture” is born out of the desire to fit with the ethos of “intersectionality,” Under its banner, all the “oppressed minorities” such as Blacks, Palestinians or Lesbians, Gays, Transgender, and Queers should stand together. The reality in all Palestinian territories is radically different. Homosexuality is a grave sin in the Islamic tradition, and homosexuals are often persecuted. Israel has provided a refuge for Palestinian LGBTQ.
As if trashing Israel was not enough, Broomberg told the New Arab, an Arab media outlet based in London and known for spreading anti-Israel propaganda: “I think there is German desire, as opposed to guilt, that’s still in operation here, and the desire is to have a white, Christian, nationalist country, that’s what it’s about. It’s literally like the McCarthyist moment where, you know, a number of my friends in the art community are, like, their works are being removed from galleries. It feels very, it’s very scary and it’s very tribal, and it’s very polarized. I truly believe that the de-Nazification process did not happen and I think that we know that the Nazis and the Zionists collaborated in the 1930s because they had the same agenda which was to get the Jews out of Germany out of Europe, and I think that that agenda is still the same and I think that CDU (Christian Democratic Union) they want immigrants and ultimately Jews too, ideally, to get out our Arian homeland, ultimately that’s what it’s about it’s not like, I think that stopping at German guilt is letting Germans get off a bit lightly.”
Broomberg states that “the Nazis and the Zionists collaborated in the 1930s.“ This is an egregious conspiracy theory found on antiemetic websites. To recall, according to the IHRA Definition of Antisemitism, asserting that the Zionists and the Nazis collaborated is considered antisemitism.
While sharing an Al-Jazeera film portraying Palestinian culture titled “Banned in Berlin,” Broomberg wrote on his Instagram account that he is going through “multi-faceted attacks on me from pretty much every angle of the German State.” From accusations of “hateful antisemitism… and of advocating for terrorism against Jews” by Hamburg’s commissioner of antisemitism, Stefan Hensel, to “cancellations of exhibitions and now an imminent end to my professorship. I have three or four criminal charges against me for which I have had to find legal representation.” He believes the current climate in Germany is “particularly oppressive” and has caused him to have his “teaching contract terminated.”
Broomberg needs to be reminded that Hamas, via its connection to Muslim Brotherhood, has been exposed to Nazi propaganda. Copies of the Arabic translation of Hitler’s Mein Kampf were found recently in the terror complex in Gaza. The brutal murder and rape on October 7 reminded many of the fate of Jews in the Holocaust.
Israel pointed out that Hamas, like Hezbollah and other Iranian proxies, use the strategy of embedding themselves in densely populated areas to protect its terrorists.
It seems that Broomberg’s skills for demonizing Israel are a good match for the politics of the terrorists and their defenders. German higher education institutions should be aware.
REFERENCES:
Artists + Allies : Anchor in the Landscape + Other Projects
Portraits of the Olive trees of Palestine. Witnesses to the resilience of the Palestinian people and their fierce love of their land.
Created by Adam Broomberg
70 backers pledged €18,689 to help bring this project to life.Last updated April 22, 2023
Story
My name is Adam Broomberg. I am an artist, educator and activist, and one of the founders of Artists+Allies x Hebron, an NGO established to confront the ongoing oppression of Palestinian residents in Hebron.
Artists+Allies x Hebron is working on a series of projects established to raise awareness of Palestinian life under the current occupation. We are not eligible for any state funding or institutional support, so all projects to date have relied on self-funding or pro-bono work, which is not sustainable.
One of the projects, Anchor in the Landscape (explained in detail in the video), is a series of 8”x10” film portraits of olive trees. Since 1967, over one million Palestinian olive trees – many of which are over 2000 years old – have been destroyed by Israeli authorities and Jewish settlers. I have always felt that no one with any sense of belonging or love for their land would willingly destroy its oldest living indigenous citizens. At the same time, the Jewish National Fund (an organisation established by the Zionist Congress) has planted more than 240 million pine trees in Israel.
Along the mountainous strip that runs from the Hebron Mountains in the south to the Galilee in the north, two contrasting landscapes now exist: deciduous olive groves and conifer pine forests. Each botanical group has its own totemic symbolism: the olive trees signifying Palestinian culture, resistance, agrarian sovereignty and intergenerational tradition; the pines drawing upon historical narratives of the holy cornucopia, and characteristics of European civilised society.
Each portrait acts as a witness to the resilience of the Palestinian people and their tender and fiercely loving relationship with their land. They are evidence of both the juridical and political existence of Palestine, and the need for the freedom of Palestine and its people.
Thanks to overwhelming support, we reached our intended target within 3 days of opening this Kickstarter. This target was to make prints from the 8”x10” film to process for a book, and print for exhibitions intended to raise awareness of the Palestinian cause. The book will include accompanying text by Dr. Irus Braveman, who has made this subject part of her life’s work, and will be published by the prestigious MACK, which has global distribution and is a hugely significant platform for photography in print.
We are very grateful for your help running a collective that is not eligible for any public or institutional grants. This is an unsustainable without independent support.
As of March 25th all the proceeds we collected will be used only for the book and exhibition.We have many other projects on the go and any contributions we gratefully receive now until the Kickstarter ends we willuse for the other projects we have on the go that are listed below.
Hebron has a surveillance camera mounted every 300 feet. Palestinians are monitored constantly by the Israeli security forces by integrating facial recognition with a growing network of cameras and smartphones. We developed a strategy of counter-surveillance: A series of livestream cameras were placed around H2: Each showing a view of a local olive grove. Visible on a website an international public can help protect the trees which are targeted by the Israeli authorities and settlers. We co-opted the same weaponised technology but use it as a community building strategy, to show solidarity and make sure the courageous residents and their daily acts of heroism are not only surveilled but very much seen. We would like to continue and extend this project.
We are seeking to take small groups of people to Palestine to meet, amongst others with Issa Amro, the celebrated activist founder of Youth Against Settlements and co-founder of Artists+Allies x Hebron, who is the most eloquent and passionate narrator of contemporary Palestinian life. We know that allowing people to see it with their own eyes is the best chance we have to enact real and urgently needed change.
Finally, we want to build a website to share the stories of the people involved in the projects and the communities they aim to support. We know that the occupation of Palestinian land is a global concern, and we know the best way to build support is online. The creation of a secure site and the regular updates that it will require will also be funded by these donations
Thank you once again for your interest and support, and please keep sharing our projects
– Adam
Risks and challenges
I am confident with the images we have managed to capture, the essential writing of Dr. Irus Braveman, and the commitment to excellence of MACK we will produce a beautiful and politically important book and exhibition. With a team in Berlin and Hebron as dedicated as we all are we will also continue to make our other projects a reality on the ground. None of the proceeds of this fundraiser will be used by MACK in the production of the book.
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https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/12/19/new-online-magazine-celebrates-and-salutes-palestinian-artists
New online magazine ‘celebrates and salutes’ Palestinian artistsUnion Magazine, launched by the Berlin- and West Bank-based organisation Artists and Allies of Hebron, hopes to resist a polarised political climate
Anny Shaw
19 December 2023
Artists and Allies of Hebron, a Berlin- and West Bank-based organisation and NGO, which is due to exhibit at the Venice Biennale next year, has today launched a new online magazine featuring Palestinian artists. Described as “a tool for resistance”, Union Magazineaims to use art to “celebrate and salute the Palestinian people”, says the Berlin-based Jewish artist Adam Broomberg, who founded Artists Allies of Hebron in 2020 with the Palestinian activist Issa Amro.
“It’s a way of not being silent within the art world while not screaming some political agenda,” Broomberg says, noting that the title of the publication represents the “idea of being self-organised at a time when our simple rights as humans and fellow art workers are so undermined”.
The first four artists to be interviewed include Hazem Harb, whose work incorporates historical artefacts such as archival images, map fragments, coins and pressed plants. In this way, his art is a “bridge between the past and present”, the artist says in the magazine. Harb collages these elements together, often into diptychs, which he says serve as a metaphor for his life in the UAE. As he puts it: “As someone living in exile, my journey through adulthood is constantly unfolding between worlds, with my mind anchored in a homeland that I cannot physically inhabit.”
Earlier this year, the Belgian journalist and photographer Barbara Debeuckelaere travelled to Hebron in the West Bank, the only place in which Israeli settlers are living in the heart of a Palestinian city. There, she photographed the women of Tel Rumeida, a particularly traditional neighbourhood built on top of and around an archaeological mound referred to as “Tel Hebron” by Israelis. For her project, OMM, which means mother in Arabic, Debeuckelaere photographed the women’s surroundings and then handed the camera to them to capture themselves and their homes as they wished.
Areej Kaoud spent part of her childhood in Gaza before her family emigrated to Canada. Her 2017 piece, Anxiety Is a Present of the Present, is “derived from my interest in emergencies and disaster scenarios”, she says in the magazine. Meanwhile, Mahdi Baraghithi deals with Islamophobia in his work, and draws on the trauma experienced after one of his university friends was attacked by a group of men in the street in Bourges, France. More artists will be added to the magazine weekly.
Broomberg believes celebrating art is vital at this moment. “It provides a moment of respite—it brings hope to see people being resilient and producing things,” he says. “And it kind of breaks through all the politics. It’s a way of people connecting that cuts through what’s happening, which is so polarised; it’s so tribal.” In Germany, the artist says the current climate is particularly oppressive and has caused him to have his teaching contract terminated.
Last month, Artists and Allies of Hebron was named as one of 30 officially sanctioned collateral events for the 60th Venice Biennale. Palestine has never had a national pavilion because Italy is among the countries that does not recognise it as a sovereign state. Broomberg says the Biennale has been “very supportive” of the presentation, which is “very driven by Palestinian artists and collectives”. More details are due to be announced next month.
As for Union Magazine, the next interview is with the Palestinian queer pop artist Bashar Murad. “It’s super important to also show queer Palestinian culture because I really believe that the only way forward is intersectional solidarity,” Broomberg says. “We need different struggles—Black Lives Matter, LGBTQ+ and environmental issues and indigenous rights—to intersect. Art is a language that is able to do that. The importance of poetry and literature and visual art at this moment is so hugely important.”
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https://www.newarab.com/analysis/how-pro-palestine-jews-are-resisting-germanys-mccarthyism
Analysis Beyond guilt: How pro-Palestine Jews are resisting Germany’s ‘McCarthyist’ crackdown
Alexander Durie
04 December, 2023
In-depth: Germany’s crackdown on pro-Palestine solidarity since 7 October has had a wide impact on civil society. In Berlin, anti-Zionist Jews have been arrested and fired for criticising Israel and its war on Gaza, but they refuse to yield.
On 14 October, Iris Hefets, a 56-year-old psychoanalyst, stood alone in a public square in Berlin and held up a sign. On it, she had written: “As an Israeli and Jew, stop the genocide in Gaza” – on one side in English, and on the other in German.
Very quickly, police officers stationed nearby arrived. They told Hefets that she was not allowed to do this and that she must take the sign down. A crowd formed and started filming. Hefets, who’s lived in Germany for the past 20 years, politely argued with authorities, saying that she just wants to stand alone with her sign, that she’s not causing any trouble.
This was happening on Hermannplatz, in Neukölln, a neighbourhood in the south of Berlin with a big Middle Eastern and Arab community, Palestinians in particular. It was one week after the 7 October attack by Hamas that subsequently launched Israel’s war on Gaza. In Germany, like in the past two years, authorities reacted by banning all public gatherings that might be considered pro-Palestinian.
The reason that Hefets had insisted on standing alone on Hermannplatz was because law professionals told her that the German constitution states that being alone does not constitute a gathering – it only becomes potentially illegal if several people gather.
“Over 850 arrests were made by Berlin police in the first three weeks following 7 October, mostly of people with presumed pro-Palestinian sympathies”
The Berlin police’s justification for banning pro-Palestinian demonstrations was that such gatherings would bring “an imminent danger” of “seditious, anti-Semitic exclamations” and “violent activities”.
Over 850 arrests were made by Berlin police in the first three weeks following 7 October, mostly of people with presumed pro-Palestinian sympathies. This does not include people who were detained at protests, which is estimated to be in the hundreds, according to legal experts.
In response, Jewish artists, writers, and scholars warned that Germany’s “disturbing crackdown on civic life”, including the ban on public gatherings, has been used to scapegoat its large Arab and Muslim community and restrict freedom of speech, including legitimately criticising Israel or expressing solidarity with Palestinians.
“Muslim people and others feel this oppression and Islamophobia and pure racism the [German] state is doing, so I decided I’m going to stand in Neukölln, in this place, where the people, the press, and everyone’s saying that it’s dangerous for Jews and Israelis,” Hefets told The New Arab about her solo protest.
In Germany, Jewish groups like Jüdische Stimme, which Hefets is a chairwoman of, are becoming increasingly important in calling for a ceasefire in Gaza and justice for Palestinians.
In countries like Germany, the US, the UK, and France – Israel’s key allies – Jewish alliances like Jüdische Stimme, the Jewish Voice for Peace, Na’amod, and Tsedek! are uniting to combat state racism both at home and in Israel-Palestine. They are challenging the conflation of anti-Zionism with antisemitism that is being used to silence Palestinian solidarity and saying loud and clear: “Not in our name”.
Israel’s security as Germany’s raison d’être
Due to the genocide of European Jews and other groups during Nazi rule, the German state has been determined to shape the country’s post-war identity around a culture of remembrance (Erinnerungskultur in German).
The memory of the Holocaust, and the atrocities committed on Jewish people, is ever-present in Germany, to try and ensure racist state crimes never happen again. However, many critical Jewish voices have witnessed a dangerous conflation: fighting antisemitism has been misinterpreted by the German establishment as defending Israel and Zionism by all means.
In 2008, Angela Merkel declared before the Knesset that Israel’s security was, for Germany, its “Staatsräson”, its raison d’être. Fifteen years later, her successor as Chancellor, Olaf Scholz, repeated the phrase on 12 October in the Bundestag. “At the moment there is only one place for Germany: on Israel’s side. This is what we mean when we say, ‘Israel’s security is Germany’s Staatsräson.’”
Since 7 October, this has been backed up by action. The German government has increased its arms sales to Israel by almost tenfold compared to 2022, from about €32 million to nearly €303 million ($323 million), according to government sources. This makes Germany the second biggest arms supplier to Israel after the US. On 17 October, Olaf Scholz became the first foreign head of state to visit Israel following the Hamas attack.
“Many critical Jewish voices have witnessed a dangerous conflation: fighting antisemitism has been misinterpreted by the German establishment as defending Israel and Zionism by all means”
Domestically, Germany’s strong pro-Israel policies have resulted in what many activists consider anti-Palestinian racism. Apart from banning pro-Palestinian gatherings, in 2019 the German parliament deemed the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement against Israel “anti-Semitic” and said that it recalled Nazi-era propaganda.
Things have escalated since 7 October. On the 13th, Berlin police made the slogan “From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free” forbidden and indictable, and Berlin’s education senator, Katharina Günther-Wünsch, sent a letter to Berlin school principals, giving them the option to ban students from displaying pro-Palestinian symbols, such as the keffiyeh, the Palestinian flag, or stickers that say “Free Palestine”. This ever more repressive atmosphere has left many in Berlin too fearful to criticise Germany’s pro-Israel stance.
“Detentions, police violence, surveillance, suspensions in schools, and workplace intimidations or sackings that we have been witnessing are unequivocally comparable to practices of authoritarian regimes,” according to Alice Garcia from the European Legal Support Centre, which provides legal support for pro-Palestinian voices across Europe. “This is extremely fear-inducing and fearsome, akin to the days of fascism.”
Fired for mentioning ‘apartheid’
As a result of this crackdown, several Jewish people, including Israelis, have been detained, fired, or slandered by major German media outlets for calling out Israel’s well-documented human rights violations. Udi Raz, a Jewish Israeli academic who grew up in Haifa and moved to Berlin over 10 years ago, said she was “surprised that Germans would often call me an anti-Semite” when she criticised Israel.
An expert in Jewish history in the Middle East, Raz started working as a freelance tour guide at Berlin’s famous Jewish Museum in March this year, doing up to ten tours a week. Raz was never shy about politics, when discussing Israel with museum visitors she cited the position of many major human rights organisations.
“According to Amnesty International, not only the West Bank should be understood as an apartheid state, but really the entire area between the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea should be understood as characteristics of an apartheid state, according to international law,” Raz told The New Arab.
After 7 October, Raz said the museum “delivered the message [to staff] that we are more free to express our feelings and thoughts”. She thus continued calling Israel an “apartheid” state on her tours to contextualise current events. But then, the unthinkable happened. On 25 October Raz was told by the Jewish Museum that her contract would be terminated. According to her, it was the mention of the term “apartheid” that was the issue.
“The only person who actually addressed this injustice within the Jewish Museum was me… Everybody is afraid. Why? Because they know what can happen to them after they saw what happened to me.”
A spokesperson for the Jewish Museum told The New Arab that Raz was let go because she “overwhelmed groups with a personal political stance”, which went against the museum’s “educational standards”.
But Raz, who was financially dependent on this job and still hopes to work there again someday, said that it was “questionable” of the museum to suggest that stating “certain facts” backed by international law would be considered a “stance”.
“Educational institutions really have not only the possibility, but also the responsibility to educate the people who live now in Germany, about how Germany also supports the systemic injustice against Palestinians in the name of protecting Jewish people. This is something that people deserve to know.”
“As a result of this crackdown, several Jewish people, including Israelis, have been detained, fired, or slandered by major German media outlets for calling out Israel’s well-documented human rights violations”
Beyond ‘German guilt’
In recent weeks, Raz has been very active with Jüdische Stimme in organising pro-Palestine protests, especially since Berlin courts started allowing such gatherings in late October. For organisers from the Jewish group, the rise of racist hate crimes in Germany – both antisemitism and Islamophobia – are very real and both equally felt, but their frustration is that German politicians do not listen to their concerns and are instead fixated with a “responsibility” to protect Israel – which has resulted in Germans lecturing Jews about what antisemitism looks like.
Many have suggested that Germany’s strong pro-Israel stance is due to “historical guilt” arising from the horrors of World War II. But for Israeli Jewish psychoanalyst Iris Hefets, this guilt is “a cover story”.
“Germany is acting according to the primitive art of having guilt… They will tell us what antisemitism is. They will build new synagogues, but there are no Jews in there,” she told The New Arab, suggesting that Germany separates Jews into “good ones” and “bad ones” depending on their opinions of Israel.
“In German, we call it ‘ungeschehen machen’ – to undo. This is the primitive way of dealing with guilt – to undo something, and to say ‘okay, these are the Muslims, these are the Palestinians, they are the bad guys. We already know that we are clean… We worked through it and now we can also teach the others.’ I don’t buy this guilt issue as something mature.”
These are sentiments echoed by Adam Broomberg, a Berlin-based Jewish South African artist who said that 90% of his family was killed during the Holocaust. Broomberg has now built a large following online for his pro-Palestine views, and repeated what several critical Jewish voices have said: that conservative European politicians may blame immigrants, Muslims, or Arabs for rising antisemitism, but that it is antisemitic in itself of them to weaponise Jewishness for political means and to put all Jews in one basket – especially as many Jews oppose Zionism.
“I truly believe that the de-Nazification process did not happen,” Broomberg told The New Arab. “And we know that the Nazis and the Zionists collaborated in the 1930s because they had the same agenda, which was to get the Jews out of Germany, out of Europe.”
“I think there’s a German desire as opposed to guilt, that’s in operation here. And the desire is to have a white, Christian, nationalist country.”
“It’s McCarthyism times here, it really is. A number of my friends in the art community, their works are being removed from galleries, they’re losing representation. It feels very very scary, and it’s very tribal and polarised”
‘McCarthyism’ in Berlin
On the same day Broomberg spoke, he had received a letter from German authorities charging him for resisting arrest and attacking police officers – accusations he claims are “false”.
Last May, he had been arrested by Berlin police for taking part in a peaceful protest organised by Jüdische Stimme that commemorated the Nakba, or “catastrophe”, referring to the 1948 ethnic cleansing of Palestinians from their homeland. It was the only pro-Palestinian rally allowed by authorities, but riot police still arbitrarily and violently arrested attendees like Broomberg.
The artist said that he receives many death threats for his pro-Palestine posts, but that Berlin police have yet to react when he has reported them.
“It’s McCarthyism times here, it really is,” he said. “A number of my friends in the art community, their works are being removed from galleries, they’re losing representation. It feels very very scary, and it’s very tribal and polarised.”
For Broomberg, and many other anti-Zionist Jews in Berlin, the climate often feels hopeless and distressing, but solidarity with oppressed people both in Germany and Palestine has never been more important.
“The police are saying I’ve been charged with resisting arrest. My ancestors were killed for not resisting German police,” Broomberg said. “So I will resist German authorities until I go to my grave.”
Alexander Durie is a Multimedia Journalist for The New Arab, working across video, photography, and feature writing. He has freelanced for The Guardian, Al Jazeera English, The Economist, The Financial Times, Reuters, The Independent, and more, contributing dispatches from Paris, Berlin, Beirut, and Warsaw.
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https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/dynamiccollectorresultitem/hr-08/he/human-rights-replay_23-02-2021.pdf
IsraelMinistry of JusticePublic Inquiries
To: Kate Sherringer, Trecnwc, Glandwr, Pembs. UK SA340YD
North Pembs Amnesty Group
Date: February 23, 2021
Adar 11, 5781
Dear Ms. Sherringer,
Re: Your letter concerning Mr. Issa Amro
We have received your enquiry regarding Mr. Issa Amro, and would like to address your concerns according to information forwarded to us by the relevant authorities.
1. On June 7, 2016, Mr. Amro was indicted with, among others, assault of a public servant, hindering a soldier, incitement, breach of a restricted zone order, malicious cause of damage to property, and participation in an unauthorized procession, for his involvement in five (5) events during the years 2010-2016.
2. Mr. Amro pleaded “not guilty”, and subsequently, evidence and witness hearings were held, during which the evidence for the charges was brought before the Military Court. During the hearing, the prosecution withdrew two (2) charges regarding assault and malicious damage to property, after finding acquitting evidence.
3. On January 6, 2021, the verdict was given. The Military Court convicted Mr. Amro of six (6) of the charges, and acquitted him of twelve (12). The six (6) convictions were with regard to four (4) out of the five (5) events mentioned above.
4. On January 8, 2021, a sentencing hearing was held, and a date for handing down the sentence has not yet been set. The prosecution did not request imprisonment, but probation and a monetary penalty.
5. Mr. Amro was not detained twenty (20) times during 2012, as was argued in your letter. There were four (4) investigations in which Mr. Amro was the suspect. He was indicted for one (1) event during 2012, and was convicted of two (2) offences, while the other three (3) cases were dropped. Additionally, according to Mr. Amro’s lawyer, he was held for a total of ten (10) days for all the indictments brought against him.
Respectfully,
Public Inquiries Unit
Ministry of Justice
__________________________________________________________
29 Tzalach A-Din St., P.O.B. 49029, Zip Code 91490 Tel. 073-3927799 Fax. 02-6467085
E-mail: Pniyot@justice.gov.il
israel-academia-monitor.com 