08.06.21

Editorial Note

Jeffrey David Ullman, an emeritus professor at Stanford University, the co-recipient of the 2020 Turing Award, has been harassed by Iranian activists for holding pro-Israel views.

The A.M. Turing Award by the Association of Computer Machinery (ACM) is the equivalent of the “Nobel Prize” of computing. It recognizes the profound impact on computer science and awards a $1 million prize annually. For the year 2020, ACM awarded Stanford University’s Jeffrey David Ullman, shared with his long-time collaborator Alfred Vaino Aho of Columbia University.  The award recognizes their seminal work in compilers and algorithms for their nine co-authored textbooks dating back to the early 1970s, including 1974 The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms, and 1977 Principles of Compiler Design. These books became required reading for millions of computer scientists, and the catalog of standard techniques “divide and conquer” became the core of computer science theory. ACM has announced the selection of Ullman and Aho in late March.

Ullman, who is supportive of Israel and Zionism, has been harassed for his views during two dacades.  In October 2001, Ullman published on his webpage polemics section “Some Thoughts on the Bombings of Sept. 11.”  He stated that Islamic fundamentalists had used spectacular terror to confront the West. In 2002 he urged the Palestinians to forsake terror and “build better lives for themselves and a better relationship with their Israeli neighbors.” He noted that Israel, a country with about 1.5% of the US population, then suffered from severe terrorist attacks every 3 months; “Somehow the world largely failed to notice or care.” 

Following these and other postings, Ullman started receiving many malicious emails.  One comment stated: “if any one believes in what you said, I will call him the most arrogant idiot ignorant Zionist extremist, and racist I have ever seen.” Another declared: “You are a Zionist pig, and how dare you say all those nasty things about Yasser Arafat et al.”

Ullman has been targeted by Iranian students who sent him emails requesting his help in admission to Stanford University, some asking him political questions such as, “Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner/take land from Native Americans/Depose Mossadegh, etc. etc.?”, or “How do I justify ‘Zionist crimes’, etc.?”

In 2011, the President of Stanford University was asked to censure Ullman for “racially discriminatory and inflammatory” comments because Ullman responded to an email from a student at Sharif University in Tehran who asked him about admission to Stanford University, that he could not help the student gain admission since he has no involvement in the admissions process. Ullman also wrote that “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the U.S., they have to respect the values we hold in the U.S., including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.” As a result, he was accused of “bigotry and xenophobia.”

Not coincidently, Ullman has a long connection to Israel. He wrote that he lived in Jerusalem in 1984. Also, he has been working with Israeli universities for many years. In 2006, the Chair in Computer Sciences at Ben Gurion University 

announced on his webpage that “Professor Jeffrey (Stanford University, CA) and Holly Ullman, in consultation with Professor Shlomi Dolev (BGU), recently established the Martha and Solomon Scharf Prize for Developing Excellence in Computer, Communications and Information Sciences, supporting excellent students. In addition, they will support research activity in the computer science disciplines.”

Likewise, The Hebrew University Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering reported that “Prof. Ullman is also a generous benefactor to our department, and his help is instrumental in providing student stipends, and supporting the Data and Computing Center.”

In 2016, the Ben Gurion University Board of Governors awarded Ullman an Honorary Doctorate for his achievements and held a seminar in honor of Ullman.

Ullman has also been fighting against anti-Semitism. Last month he signed a petition, “Opposing Antisemitism, Supporting IHRA,” organized by the Institute for the Study of Global Antisemitism and Policy (ISGAP), which recently circulated a letter supporting the Working Definition of Antisemitism from the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA). The letter garnered more than 300 signatures from leading scholars, intellectuals, and professionals.  

His Iranian detractors went into high gear after the ACM made the 2020 Turing Award public.  A recent petition organized by Iranians was published online, collecting international signatures, accusing “Ullman’s Repeated Discrimination against Iranian Students,” and charging that Ullman’s webpage “contains discriminatory and inflammatory statements regarding Iranians.” 

ACM has read the complaint and responded that it will not change the selection: “As part of the Awards process, ACM routinely checks whether we have received any complaints about award nominees with respect to ACM’s Code of Ethics or other policies. In this case, we determined that no complaints had ever been filed against Jeffrey Ullman. ACM also relied on the submitted nomination package and carefully evaluated the letters provided by the nominator and the endorsers to assess the candidate’s worthiness for an award. No red flags were raised in the nomination package.”

Not satisfied with ACM response, a recent article by Mahdi Cheraghchi, an Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan Ann Arbor, published on the pages of Stanford Daily, accused Ullman of “rants of hate and bigotry against Iranians.” He requested the ACM, to “ensure that a clear precedent is set today by ACM that would not give a free pass to any future abusers of academic freedom,” and that “ACM needs to do better and bring back trust and hope to the community.”

Much of the agitation against Ullman was organized by the National Iranian American Council (NIAC), known as a front for the Iranian regime’s propaganda work in America.  Dr. Fredun Hojabri, the former vice-chancellor of the Sharif University of Technology in Iran, wrote Stanford University in 2011 to complain about Ullman.  For decades now, Sharif University has carried many projects for the Revolutionary Guards, including its nuclear weapons program. 

The Iranian involvement in anti-Israel activity on American campuses is worrying.  With its long-lasting support of Palestinian causes, the regime sends people to harass those who support the Jewish state. 

References:

https://awards.acm.org/about/2020-turing

ACM Turing Award Honors Innovators Who Shaped the Foundations of Programming Language Compilers and Algorithms

Columbia’s Aho and Stanford’s Ullman Developed Tools and Fundamental Textbooks Used by Millions of Software Programmers around the World

ACM named Alfred Vaino Aho and Jeffrey David Ullman recipients of the 2020 ACM A.M. Turing Award for fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and those of others in their highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists. Aho is the Lawrence Gussman Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Columbia University. Ullman is the Stanford W. Ascherman Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford University.

Computer software powers almost every piece of technology with which we interact. Virtually every program running our world—from those on our phones or in our cars to programs running on giant server farms inside big web companies—is written by humans in a higher-level programming language and then compiled into lower-level code for execution. Much of the technology for doing this translation for modern programming languages owes its beginnings to Aho and Ullman.

Beginning with their collaboration at Bell Labs in 1967 and continuing for several decades, Aho and Ullman have shaped the foundations of programming language theory and implementation, as well as algorithm design and analysis. They made broad and fundamental contributions to the field of programming language compilers through their technical contributions and influential textbooks. Their early joint work in algorithm design and analysis techniques contributed crucial approaches to the theoretical core of computer science that emerged during this period.

“The practice of computer programming and the development of increasingly advanced software systems underpin almost all of the technological transformations we have experienced in society over the last five decades,” explains ACM President Gabriele Kotsis. “While countless researchers and practitioners have contributed to these technologies, the work of Aho and Ullman has been especially influential. They have helped us to understand the theoretical foundations of algorithms and to chart the course for research and practice in compilers and programming language design. Aho and Ullman have been thought leaders since the early 1970s, and their work has guided generations of programmers and researchers up to the present day.”

“Aho and Ullman established bedrock ideas about algorithms, formal languages, compilers and databases, which were instrumental in the development of today’s programming and software landscape,” added Jeff Dean, Google Senior Fellow and SVP, Google AI. “They have also illustrated how these various disciplines are closely interconnected. Aho and Ullman introduced key technical concepts, including specific algorithms, that have been essential. In terms of computer science education, their textbooks have been the gold standard for training students, researchers, and practitioners.”

A Longstanding Collaboration

Aho and Ullman both earned their PhD degrees at Princeton University before joining Bell Labs, where they worked together from 1967 to 1969. During their time at Bell Labs, their early efforts included developing efficient algorithms for analyzing and translating programming languages.

In 1969, Ullman began a career in academia, ultimately joining the faculty at Stanford University, while Aho remained at Bell Labs for 30 years before joining the faculty at Columbia University. Despite working at different institutions, Aho and Ullman continued their collaboration for several decades, during which they co-authored books and papers and introduced novel techniques for algorithms, programming languages, compilers and software systems.

Influential Textbooks

Aho and Ullman co-authored nine influential books (including first and subsequent editions). Two of their most widely celebrated books include:

The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms (1974)
Co-authored by Aho, Ullman, and John Hopcroft, this book is considered a classic in the field and was one of the most cited books in computer science research for more than a decade. It became the standard textbook for algorithms courses throughout the world when computer science was still an emerging field. In addition to incorporating their own research contributions to algorithms, The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms introduced the random access machine (RAM) as the basic model for analyzing the time and space complexity of computer algorithms using recurrence relations. The RAM model also codified disparate individual algorithms into general design methods. The RAM model and general algorithm design techniques introduced in this book now form an integral part of the standard computer science curriculum.

Principles of Compiler Design (1977)
Co-authored by Aho and Ullman, this definitive book on compiler technology integrated formal language theory and syntax-directed translation techniques into the compiler design process. Often called the “Dragon Book” because of its cover design, it lucidly lays out the phases in translating a high-level programming language to machine code, modularizing the entire enterprise of compiler construction. It includes algorithmic contributions that the authors made to efficient techniques for lexical analysis, syntax analysis techniques, and code generation. The current edition of this book, Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools (co-authored with Ravi Sethi and Monica Lam), was published in 2007 and remains the standard textbook on compiler design.

======================================================================================

https://csforinclusion.wordpress.com

Statement on the Selection of Jeffrey Ullman for a Turing Award

Update: A copy of this letter listing 1,079 signatories (and 89 anonymous) was sent to the ACM administration on April 16, 2021, and ACM has acknowledged receipt. On April 19, 2021, ACM published a response to this letter.
We continue to accept new signatures.

An Open Letter to Committee of the ACM A.M. Turing Award and ACM:

Professor Jeffrey D. Ullman of Stanford University has been chosen to receive the 2020 ACM A. M. Turing Award, generally regarded as the highest distinction in computing.

While we agree that the technical and educational contributions of Professor Ullman could meet the bar for a “Nobel Prize of Computing”, we condemn the selection as one that directly goes against the Diversity and Inclusion (D & I) values that the Computer Science community, and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in particular, aim to uphold. While we recognize Professor Ullman’s freedom of speech and freedom to hold and express his political views, we are concerned by his sustained discriminatory behavior against students and by ACM bestowing upon such a person an award named after Alan Turing, someone who suffered much discrimination in his tragic life [1].

ACM defines its mission as follows: “ACM is a global scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing the art, science, engineering, and application of computing, serving both professional and public interests by fostering the open exchange of information and by promoting the highest professional and ethical standards.” Furthermore, ACM explicitly defines “Diversity and Inclusion” as one of its four core values [2].

We assert, based on documented evidence, that not only has Professor Ullman willfully violated the “highest professional and ethical standards” that ACM has the mission to uphold, but also that he has demonstrated a pattern of actively turning against the values of D & I for decades. History may judge this award as an indelible blot on the entire computing profession.

Ullman’s Repeated Discrimination against Iranian Students

Among the existing evidence is a web page maintained by Professor Ullman that contains discriminatory and inflammatory statements regarding Iranians [3]. According to the data on the Internet Archive [4], he maintained this web page from as early as 2006 until late 2020, when he removed it following years of public outcry and pushback [5]. In 2011, the National Iranian American Council issued a formal complaint to Stanford University centered on his webpage [6–12], with no action taken by Stanford, according to The Chronicle of Higher Education [9], and seemingly no impact on Professor Ullman’s views or behavior.

There are indeed numerous documented instances of him corresponding, over the years, many to aspiring young Iranian students, with anti-Iranian sentiments as well as explicit discrimination based on presumptions on their political views [3,6–12,13]. In one instance, among countless others, Professor Ullman responded to an email from an Iranian student who had inquired about admission at Stanford saying [6–12]: “And even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people. I know that you may not hold the same insane position as the mullahs that run your country, but it is a matter of principle. If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the US, they have to respect the values we hold in the US, including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.”

As another example of his correspondence, in support of the University of Massachusetts’s soon-to-be-reverted decision to ban Iranian students from certain engineering programs, Professor Ullman wrote in 2015 [13]: “I think we need to distinguish between Americans of Iranian descent, who have chosen to cast their lot with the United States, and Iranians who did not leave Iran when the religious fanatics took over, and who may well be sympathetic to Iran’s desires to build a nuclear weapon and to Iran’s support for terrorists throughout the world. While I’m sure there are some students living in Iran, who would like nothing better than to leave that country for as long as it is run by Islamic fundamentalists, can we afford to take that risk of educating them and then having them turn that education against us? Especially, can we afford the risk given all the bright students from other countries that share US values who would love to be accepted to a US school?”

Thus, Professor Ullman has explicitly advocated to distinguish between Iranians who left Iran before the 1979 revolution and those who did not. It is worthwhile to reflect that many of today’s key academic players of Iranian descent were once aspiring students in Iran. Perhaps the most prominent example is the late Maryam Mirzakhani, Professor of Mathematics at Stanford University and the only woman to ever win the Fields medal, who studied in Iran before pursuing graduate studies in the US. Professor Ullman is simply calling for a categorical ban against such talents. That said, we emphasize that people should not need to have exceptional talents or make significant academic contributions to be treated with dignity and respect.

Ullman’s Rationalization of Crimes Against Native Americans

Professor Ullman’s insensitive opinions extend beyond individuals of a specific national origin. For example, he rationalizes the taking away of land from Native Americans, which included several acts recognized by scholars as genocide against such populations [14], as “Technologically more advanced civilizations replace less advanced civilizations” [3].

Bigger Picture on the Implications of ACM’s Action and Silence

At a time when the tremendous costs of discriminatory and inhumane behavior against minority groups, such as African Americans and Asians, among others, is being broadly recognized in the computing community and beyond, ACM should not ignore such explicit and repeated xenophobic language and behavior by the person they are bestowing their highest award upon. Furthermore, discrimination against students based on their national origin and their presumed political views is in direct violation of the academic and D & I values that ACM aims to uphold as a core value. Generations to come may see this action by ACM and their silence on how this award negatively impacts D & I in computing as defiling the very respectability of the Turing Award and as an insult to the memory of Alan Turing himself.

We ask ACM, and particularly the ACM A.M. Turing Award Committee, the following:

1. Report on the specifics surrounding this nomination, especially the extent of checks and balances that are in place to ensure that the process of awarding the highest distinction in computing is protected against violations of the ACM mission and its core values.
   
2. Clarity from ACM on establishing compliance with its core values, particularly on D & I standards, as an explicit criterion for receiving this award. If not, transparently state that behaviors that directly damage inclusivity and diversity in the computing field are not relevant in the criteria listed by ACM for this award.

Signed by 1,304 (including 275 anonymous)

Last update: May 20, 2021.

Some Notable Statistics (according to the disclosed data, updated periodically):

• 1 ACM Turing Award Laureate
• 1 Abel Prize Laureate
• 4 Nevanlinna Prize Laureates
• 4 MacArthur Fellows
• 21 ACM Fellows
• 16 ACM Distinguished Members
• 23 ACM Senior Members
• 479 ACM Members (including Student/Professional)

To add your name to the list of signatories below, please follow these instructions:

1. Either submit this Google Form (https://b.link/csforinclusion-sign) or email your name and affiliation, and optionally job title and role, as well as your ACM membership level (if any), from your institutional email address, to: dei.matters.acm@gmail.com.
   
2. An institutional email address is requested to ensure the authenticity of signatures. If you do not have one, or otherwise cannot use your institutional email address, please add a comment to justify the use of personal email address.
   
3. An option for anonymous signatures is provided. By default, we encourage non-anonymous signatures. However, you may choose to be anonymous in the public domain only, or both in the public domain and on the copy of the letter that will be sent to ACM. Identity information will still be gathered to ensure the authenticity of the signatures. Your anonymity will be fully protected, and if you have any special requests for anonymity, please leave a comment.
   
4. Please also send any enquiries or report any inaccuracies to the email address above, with the subject line “enquiry”.

Disclaimer: Signing the letter is a personal statement and does not necessarily reflect that of the employers of the signatories.

#CSForInclusion #HoldACMAccountable

References:

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/24/world/europe/alan-turing-enigma-code-breaker-and-computer-pioneer-wins-royal-pardon.html
[2] https://www.acm.org/about-acm/mission-vision-values-goals
[3] https://web.archive.org/web/20200129080549/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html
[4] https://web.archive.org/web/2020*/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html
[5] https://twitter.com/2plus2make5/status/1377720193913356289
[6] https://web.archive.org/web/20110124051512/http://www.niacouncil.org/site/DocServer/Stanford_Discrimination_Letter.pdf
[7] https://web.archive.org/web/20140809043733/http://www.paaia.org/CMS/stanford-university-president-responds-directly-to-paaia-over-retired-professors-anti-iranian-remarks.aspx
[8] https://www.stanforddaily.com/2011/01/10/professor-comes-under-fire-for-alleged-anti-iranian-e-mail/
[9] https://www.chronicle.com/article/iranian-american-group-calls-on-stanford-to-censure-professor/
[10] https://web.archive.org/web/20140727205645/http://www.lobelog.com/niac-calls-out-anti-iranian-stanford-professor/
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeffrey_Ullman&oldid=1015653392
[12] http://b.link/ullman-email
[13] https://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/gplus/20150212-VDYSkY69tGe.html
[14] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/us/newsom-native-american-apology.html

Current List of Signatories (alphabetical):

– Academia: Faculty / Staff / PostDoc:

1. A. Aldo Faisal, Professor of AI & Neuroscience, Imperial College London
2. A. Nicki Washington, Professor of the Practice, Duke University, Duke University
3. Aaron Clauset, Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder
4. Aaron Gember-Jacobson, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Colgate Unviersity
5. Aaron Keen, Professor of Computer Science and Software Engineering, California Polytechnic State University
6. Aaron Quigley, Professor of Computer Science, University of New South Wales
7. Abigale Stangl, Accessibility Researcher, CI-Fellow, University of Washington, HCDE
8. Abolfazl Asudeh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago
9. Adam Blank, Assistant Teaching Professor, Caltech
10. Adam Perer, Assistant Research Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
11. Adrian Sampson, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Cornell University
12. Afshin Nikzad, Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Southern California
13. Ahmad Lashkaripour, Assistant Professor, Indiana University
14. Alastair Donaldson, Professor of Computer Science, ACM Senior Member, Imperial College London
15. Aleksander Madry, Professor, MIT
16. Alessandro Treves, Interested in neural computation, SISSA
17. Alex Bredariol Grilo, Researcher, CNRS, LIP6, Sorbonne Université
18. Alexandra Ion, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
19. Alexandra Papoutsaki, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Pomona College
20. Alexandra To, Assistant Professor of Art + Design and Computer Science, Northeastern University
21. Ali Darvish, Lecturer of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University
22. Ali Diba, Researcher, KU Leuven
23. Ali Jadbabaie, Professor of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
24. Ali Khaledi Nasab, Neuroscientist, Stanford University
25. Ali Tajer, Associate Professor of ECSE, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
26. Alireza Khatami, Assistant Professor, Ryerson university
27. Alireza Qaiumzadeh, Researcher, Deprtment of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
28. Álvaro Cárdenas, Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz
29. Amin Adibi, Disease Modeller, University of British Columbia
30. Amin Gohari, Tehran Institute for Advanced Studies
31. Amin Karbasi, Associate Professor, Yale University
32. Amin Milani Fard, Assistant Professor, New York Institute of Technology – Vancouver
33. Amin Saberi, Professor, Stanford University
34. Amin Sayedi, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, University of Washington
35. Amin Shokrollahi, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science and Mathematics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
36. Amir Akbari, Assistant Professor, Ontario Tech University
37. Amir H. Payberah, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
38. Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, IST Austria
39. Amir Kamil, Lecturer of Computer Science, University of Michigan
40. Amir Nayyeri, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
41. Amir Rahmati, Assistant Professor, Stony Brook University
42. Amir Shaikhha, Lecturer, University of Edinburgh
43. Amir-massoud Farahmand, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
44. Amirbehshad Shahrasbi, Computing Innovation Postdoctoral Fellow, Postdoctoral Fellow
45. Amirmohammad Ziaei, Research Assistant, Aalto University
46. Amy Csizmar Dalal, Professor of Computer Science, Carleton College
47. Amy J. Ko, Professor, University of Washington
48. Amy Pavel, Postdoctoral Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
49. Amy Zhang, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Washington Allen School
50. Andrea Forte, Assoc. Professor, Drexel University
51. Andrea Thomer, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan School of Information
52. Andres Marin Lopez, Associate Professor, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
53. Andrew Berry, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Washington
54. Andrew Miller, Assistant Professor, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
55. Andrew Miller, Assistant professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
56. Angelika Strohmayer, PhD, Northumbria University
57. Anil Madhavapeddy, University Lecturer, University of Cambridge
58. Anind K. Dey, Dean and Professor, Information School, University of Washington
59. Anne Condon, Professor, University of British Columbia
60. Annu Prabhakar, Associate Professor, University of Cincinnati
61. Arash Khosravifar, Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University
62. Arash Massoudieh, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of America
63. Arash Termehchy, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
64. Arian Maleki, Associate Professor of Statistics, Columbia University
65. Arman Noroozian, Post Doctoral Researcher, University of Amsterdam / Delft University of Technology
66. Arun Kumar, Assistant Professor of CSE and HDSI, UC San Diego
67. Arvind Satyanarayan, Assistant Professor, MIT CSAIL
68. Arya Mazumdar, Associate Professor, University of California San Diego
69. Ashia Wilson, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, MIT
70. Ashkan Khakzar, Research Scientist / Lecturer, Technical University of Munich (TUM)
71. Ashwin Machanavajjhala, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Duke University
72. Atilla Elçi, Professor of Software Engineering, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Turkey
73. Atri Rudra, Professor, University at Buffalo
74. Audrey Girouard, Associate Professor, Carleton University
75. Augusto Esteves, Professor of Computer Science, IST, ULisbon
76. Austin Toombs, Assistant Professor of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University
77. Avi Wigderson, Professor, Nevanlinna and Abel prize laureate, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton
78. Azadeh Yadollahi, Scientist, University Health Network
79. Azalea Raad, Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Computer Science, Imperial College London
80. Babak Salimi, Assistant Professor, University of California San Diego
81. Bahar Behzadnezhad, RF Engineer, UW-Madison
82. Barna Saha, Associate Professor, University of California Berkeley
83. Behrouz Touri, Dr., University of California San Diego
84. Ben Glocler, Reader (eq. Associate Professor), Imperial College London
85. Ben Green, Postdoctoral Scholar, University of Michigan
86. Benedict R. Gaster, Associate Professor in Physical Computing, University of West of England
87. Benjamin Gorman, Lecturer in Computer Science, Bournemouth University, UK
88. Benjamin Pittman-Polletta, Research Assistant Professor, Boston University
89. Beta Ziliani, Professor of computer science, FAMAF, Universidad nacional de Córdoba
90. Bhaskar Krishnamachari, Professor of ECE, USC
91. Birgit Penzenstadler, Associate Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
92. Birna van Riemsdijk, Associate Professor Intimate Computing, University of Twente
93. Blase Ur, Assistant Professor, University of Chicago
94. Boaz Barak, Professor of Computer Science, Harvard University
95. Bogdana Rakova, Guest Editor, Springer International Journal of Community Wellbeing, Guest Editor, Springer International Journal of Community Wellbeing
96. Brett Stalbaum, Teaching Professor of Visual Arts, University of California, San Diego
97. Brian Brubach, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Wellesley College
98. Briana B. Morrison, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Nebraska Omaha
99. Briane Paul Samson, Assistant Professor, De La Salle University
100. Brianna Posadas, Postdoc, Virginia Tech
101. Bruce Kapron, Professor of Computer Science, University of Victoria
102. Bruce Weide, Professor Emeritus, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
103. Bruno Grenet, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Université de Montpellier
104. Camille Cobb, Carnegie Mellon University
105. Carlos Gustavo Lopez Pombo, Professor of Computer Science, Department of Computing, School of Science, Universidad de Buenos Aires
106. Carlos Scheidegger, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Arizona
107. Casey Fiesler, Assistant Professor, University of Colorado Boulder
108. Catherine Cronquist Browning, Assistant Dean, Academic Programs, Equity & Inclusion, University of California, Berkeley, School of Information
109. Catherine D’Ignazio, Assistant Professor of Urban Science & Planning, MIT
110. Cécilia Lancien, Researcher in Mathematics, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse & CNRS
111. Celine Latulipe, Professor of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
112. Ceren Budak, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
113. Charles Sutton, University of Edinburgh
114. Charlotte Lee, Associate Professor, University of Washington
115. Christian Kaestner, Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
116. Christina Chung, Assistant Professor, Indiana University
117. Christine Alvarado, Teaching Professor, University of California, San Diego
118. Christoph Becker, Associate Professor, University of Toronto
119. Christopher Stewart, Associate Professor and Chair of Diversity and Inclusion Committee, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
120. Claudio Gutierrez, Professor, Computer Science Department, Universidad de Chile
121. Cliff Lampe, Professor, University of Michigan
122. Colin M. Gray, Assistant Professor, Purdue University
123. Colin S. Gordon, Assistant Professor, Drexel University
124. Conor Thomas McBride, Reader, University of Strathclyde
125. Constantinos Daskalakis, Nevanlinna Prize, Professor of Computer Science, MIT
126. Cristopher Moore, Professor, Santa Fe Institute
127. D. Paul Ralph, Professor, Dalhousie University
128. Dan Garcia, Teaching Professor, Teaching Professor
129. Danica Sutherland, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of British Columbia
130. Daniel A. Spielman, MacArthur Fellow, Nevanlinna Prize, Sterling Professor of Computer Science, Yale University
131. Daniel D. Sleator, Professor of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
132. Daniel Epstein, Assistant Professor, University of California, Irvine
133. Daniel Freund, Assistant Professor, MIT
134. Daniel Hsu, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Columbia University
135. Daniel Kane, University of California, San Diego
136. Daniel M. Romero, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
137. Daniel Zappala, Professor of Computer Science, Brigham Young University
138. Dante R Chialvo, Head & Professor of Medical Physics, American Physical Society Fellow, U.S. Fulbright Scholar, Universidad Nacional de San Martin (Argentina)
139. Danupon Nanongkai, University of Copenhagen
140. David Ham, Reader in Computational Mathematics, Imperial College London
141. David IW Levin, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
142. David Jorjani, Sessional Lecturer, University of Toronto
143. David Lindlbauer, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
144. David Miller, Postdoctoral Scholar, University of Central Florida
145. David Mohaisen, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Central Florida
146. Davood Rafiei, Professor of Computer Science, University of Alberta
147. Delaram Yazdansepas, Assistant Professor, Loyola Marymount University
148. Djamé Seddah, Maitre de conférence en informatique
149. Djordje Jevdjic, Assistant Professor, National University of Singapore
150. Douglas Urner, Teacher, Software Developer, South Kitsap School District
151. Dr. Lee Nelson, Professor of Nursing, Riverside City College
152. Drew Paine, Research Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
153. Earlence Fernandes, Professor of Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison
154. Ebrahim Bagheri, Associate Professor, Ryerson University
155. Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez, Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oregon State University
156. Eiad Yafi, Assistant Professor, Universiti Kuala Lumpur
157. Eleftherios Kokoris Kogias, Assistant Professor, IST Austria & Facebook
158. Elham Mousavidin, Associate Professor of Management and Marketing, University of St. Thomas
159. Elias Castegren, Postdoctoral Associate, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
160. Elijah Joseph Weber-Han, Researcher, Cornell University
161. Elizabeth Patitsas, Assistant professor, McGill University
162. Emiliano De Cristofaro, Professor, University College London & Alan Turing Institute
163. Emily Philippsen, Assistant Professor, Riverside City College
164. Emma Pierson, Senior Researcher, Microsoft Research
165. Emma Tosch, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Vermont
166. Eric Gilbert, John Derby Evans Associate Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
167. Eric Paulos, Professor, Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC Berkeley
168. Eric Walkingshaw, Assistant Professor, Oregon State University
169. Erin Brady, Assistant Professor of Human Centered Computing, Indiana University
170. Eureka Foong, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Tokyo
171. Eva Hornecker, Professor of HCI, ACM Senior Member, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
172. Evan Anderson, Research Coordinator, Northwestern University
173. Evan M Peck, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Bucknell University
174. Evangelos Milios, Professor, Dalhousie University
175. Eytan Adar, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
176. Fang Song, Assistant Professor, Portland State University
177. Farnoush Banaei-Kashani, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
178. Farshad Ghanei, Assistant Professor of Teaching, University at Buffalo
179. Fatemeh Navidi, Principal Researcher, University of Chicago
180. Fernando Pérez, Associate Professor in Statistics. Recipient of the 2017 ACM Software System Award (Project Jupyter), UC Berkeley
181. Florian Echtler, Associate professor of computer science, Aalborg University
182. Foaad Khosmood, Associate Professor of Computer Science, California Polytechnic State University
183. Fredo Durand, Amar Bose Professor of Computing., MIT
184. Garreth Tigwell, Assistant Professor, Rochester Institute of Technology
185. Genoveva Vargas-Solar, Principal Scientist, Databases, CNRS, LIRIS, France
186. Geoff Kuenning, Professor of Computer Science, Harvey Mudd College
187. Gian Maria Campedelli, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Trento, Italy
188. Gillian Smith, Associate Professor, Computer Science, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
189. Glencora Borradaile, Oregon State University
190. Greg Durrett, Assistant Professor, The University of Texas at Austin
191. Gregory D. Hager, Mandell Bellmore Professor of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University
192. Gregory Gay, Assistant Professor, Chalmers and the University of Gothenburg
193. Guido Wirtz, Full Professor of Computer Science, University of Bamberg
194. Hadi Hemmati, Associate Professor, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
195. Hamed Haddadi, Imperial College London
196. Hamed Hatami, Professor of Computer Science, McGill University
197. Hamed Niknam, Post-doctoral Researcher, McGill University
198. Hamed Zamani, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst
199. Hamid Eghbalzadeh, Postdoc, Johannes Kepler University, Austria
200. Hamid R. Arabnia, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of Georgia
201. Harley Eades, Associate Professor, Augusta University
202. Harry Hochheiser, Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh
203. Hasti Seifi, Assistant Professorin Computer Science, University of Copenhagen
204. Hazhir Rahmandad, Associate professor of system dynamics, Massachusetts institute of technology
205. Helen, Professor Emerita of Human Computer Interaction, Department of Computer Science, University of York
206. Henry Yuen, Assistant Professor, Columbia University
207. Hernan Ponce de Leon, Postdoctoral Researcher, Universität der Bundeswehr München
208. Hessam Mahdavifar, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
209. Hessameddin Akhlaghpour, Postdoctoral Fellow, The Rockefeller University
210. Himan Abdollahpouri, Postdoctoral Fellow, Northwestern University
211. Holly Rushmeier, Professor, Yale University
212. Hossein Hojjat, Assistant Professor, TeIAS
213. Houssam Abbas, Assistant Professor, Oregon State University
214. Hung Le, Assistant Professor Computer Science, UMass Amherst
215. Ilya Sergey, Associate Professor, Yale-NUS College and National University of Singapore
216. Irene Veronica Pasquetto, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
217. J Khadijah Abdurahman, Director of We Be Imagining, We Be Imagining, Columbia University
218. Jafar Haadi Haadi Jafarian, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
219. Jalal Kazempour, Associate Professor, Technical University of Denmark
220. James A. Landay, Professor of Computer Science, ACM Fellow, Member of ACM SIGCHI Academy, Stanford University
221. James Fogarty, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington
222. James R. Wallace, Associate Professor, University of Waterloo
223. Jamileh, Assistant Professor, Cape Breton University
224. Jan Van den Bergh, Hasselt University
225. Jan Vondrak, Associate Professor of Mathematics, Stanford University
226. Jana Giceva, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, TU Munich
227. Janet Davis, Associate Professor and Microsoft Chair of Computer Science, Whitman College
228. Jason Hartline, Professor of Computer Science, Northwestern U
229. Jason Lewis, University Research Chair for Computational Media and the Indigenous Future Imaginary, Concordia University
230. Jason Yip, Assistant professor, University of Washington
231. Jean Hardy, Assistant Professor of Media & Information, Michigan State University
232. Jeanna Neefe Matthews, Professor of Computer Science, current ACM Council member (https://www.acm.org/about-acm/acm-council), Clarkson University
233. Jeehoon Kang, Assistant Professor, KAIST
234. Jeffrey Bigham, Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
235. Jeffrey Heer, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle
236. Jelani Nelson, Professor, Department of EECS, UC Berkeley
237. Jelena Golubovic, Simon Fraser University
238. Jennifer Jacobs, Assistant Professor of Media Arts and Technology and Computer Science, University of California Santa Barbara
239. Jennifer Mankoff, Richard E. Ladner Professor, CHI Academy, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering
240. Jeroen Zuiddam, Simons Junior Fellow, New York University
241. Jesse Thomason, University of Southern California
242. Jessica Hammer, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
243. Jia-Bin Huang, Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech
244. Jie Qi, Project assistant professor, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Law School, University of Tokyo
245. Jim Dowling, Associate Professor, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology
246. Joanne M. Atlee, Professor, University of Waterloo
247. Jodi Julian, Professor
248. Joel Sommers, Professor, Colgate University
249. John Regehr, professor, University of Utah, USA
250. John S. Seberger, Postdoctoral Fellow, Indiana University
251. John Sarracino, Postdoctoral Associate, Cornell University
252. John Wickerson, Lecturer, Imperial College London
253. Jon E. Froehlich, Associate Professor, Allen School, University of Washington
254. Jonathan Aldrich, Professor of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
255. Jonathan Crowcroft, Professor, University of Cambridge
256. Jose Antonio Ruiperez Valiente, Research Fellow, University of Murcia
257. Joseph Seering, Postdoctoral Scholar in Computer Science, Stanford University
258. Joshua A. Grochow, Assistant Professor, Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder
259. Joshua Cooper, Professor of Mathematics, University of South Carolina
260. Joshua Quicksall, Communications Specialist, Institute for Software Research, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
261. Joss Wright, Senior Research Fellow, Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford
262. Juan Wang, Professor of political science, McGill
263. Julie Hui, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
264. Julie J Lee, University College London
265. Julie Kientz, Professor, University of Washington
266. Kaave Hosseini, Postdoctoral Associate, Carnegie Mellon University
267. Kaivan Kamali, Computational Scientist, Penn State University
268. Kamiar Rahnama Rad, Assistant Professor, Baruch College, City University New York
269. Kamyar Khodamoradi, Postdoc in Computer Science, University of Würzburg
270. Karen Boyd, University of Michigan
271. Karen Fisher, Professor, University of Washington
272. Kate Starbird, Associate Professor, University of Washington
273. Katharina Reinecke, Associate Professor, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington
274. Katie Siek, Professor and Chair, Indiana University
275. Katta Spiel, Hertha-Firnberg Scholar, TU Wien
276. Katy E. Pearce, Associate professor, University of Washington
277. Kay Connelly, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Informatics, Indiana University
278. Kelly Lyons, Professor, Faculty of Information and Department of CS, University of Toronto
279. Kendra Albert, Clinical Instructor, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
280. Kenneth Holstein, Assistant Professor of Human-Computer Interaction, Carnegie Mellon University
281. Kentaro Toyama, Professor, University of Michigan
282. Kevin Skadron, Professor of Computer Science, FACM, University of Virginia
283. Kia Bazargan, Associate Professor, University of Minnesota
284. Kiran Garimella, Michael Hammer Postdoc, MIT
285. Kolina Koltai, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Washington
286. Kyle Fox, Assistant Professor, University of Texas at Dallas
287. Kyle Thayer, Assistant Teaching Professor, University of Washington
288. Lance Eaton, Educator
289. Lara Letaw, Faculty, Oregon State University
290. Laura Alonso Alemany, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
291. Laura Forlano, Associate Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology
292. Lauren Wilcox, Associate Professor, Interactive Computing, College of Computing, Georgia Tech
293. Lawrence H. Moulton, Professor of International Health and (joint) Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
294. Lawrence Kim, Postdoc, Stanford University
295. Lefteris Manassakis, Research engineer, FORTH-ICS
296. Lena Fanya Aeschbach, University of Basel
297. Leo Ducas, Senior Researcher in Cryptology, Centrum Wiskunde & Informaticas
298. Liang Huang, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Oregon State University
299. Libby Hemphill, University of Michigan
300. Lilly Irani, Associate Professor, 2021 Program Co-Chair ACM FAccT, UC San Diego, Communication and Computer Science (Affiliate Faculty)
301. Lindsay Jamieson, Associate Professor of Computer Science, St.Mary’s College of Maryland
302. Lindsey Kuper, Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, UC Santa Cruz
303. LJean Camp, Fellow of the IEEE; Fellow of the AAAS, Professor of Computer Science, Professor of Informatics, Indiana University
304. Loren Terveen, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, The University of Minnesota
305. Lorenzo Cavallaro, Professor of Computer Science, Chair in Cybersecurity (Systems Security), King’s College London
306. Loris D’Antoni, Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin-Madison
307. Lorrie Cranor, Bosch Distinguished Professor and FORE Systems Professor, Carnegie Mellon University; ACM, IEEE, AAAS Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
308. Louigi Addario-Berry, Professor, Fellow of the Institute for Matthematical Statistics, Fellow of the Canadian Matthematical Society, Simons Fellow., McGill University
309. Luca Trevisan, Professor of Computer Science, Bocconi University
310. Lucy Bernholz, Sr. Research Scholar, Stanford University
311. LuEttaMae Lawrence, Postdoc Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
312. Lukas Daniel Klausner, Researcher, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences
313. Lynn S. Dombrowski, Assistant Professor, IUPUI
314. Mahdi Cheraghchi, Assistant Professor of CSE, ACM Senior Member, University of Michigan
315. Mahdi Mirhoseini, Professor of Information Systems, John Molson School of Business, Concordia University
316. Mahmood Shafeie Zargar, Assistant Professor of Innovation Management, VU Amsterdam
317. Maneesh Agrawala, Professor of Computer Science, Director Brown Institute for Media Innovation, MacArthur Fellow, Stanford University
318. Mar Hicks, Associate Professor of History of Technology, Illinois Institute of Technology
319. Maral Dehghani, Faculty, School of Computing & Academic Studies, British Columbia Institute of Technology
320. Marc Deisenroth, Professor, University College London
321. Marjan Farahbod, Simon Fraser University
322. Martin Joel Strauss, Professor of Mathematics, University of Michigan
323. Maryam Elahi, Assistant Professor, Mount Royal University
324. Maryam Siahbani, Assistant Prof., University of the Fraser Valley
325. Mason Kortz, Clinical Instructor, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
326. Masoud Hamedi, Adjunct Professor, Masters in Telecommunications Program, Adjunct Professor
327. Matin Bagherpour, Associate Professor of Energy Systems, University of Oslo
328. Matt Windsor, Research Associate, University of York
329. Matteo Maffei, Professor for Security and Privacy, TU Wien
330. Matthew Bietz, Lecturer, University of California, Irvine
331. Matthew Kay, Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Communication Studies, Northwestern University
332. Maxime Turgeon, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
333. Maziar Goudarzi, Associate Professor, Sharif University of Technology
334. Mehdi Javanmard, Associate Professor, Rutgers University
335. Mehdi Kargar, Assistant Professor, Ryerson University
336. mehdi shajari, Assistant Professor, Ryerson University
337. Mehdi Tahoori, Professor and Chair of Computer Science, IEEE Fellow, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
338. Melanie Mitchell, Professor, Computer Science, Portland State University
339. Michael Ann DeVito, Postdoctoral Computing Innovation Fellow, University of Colorado Boulder
340. Michael Bernstein, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Stanford University
341. Michael Cook, Research Fellow, Queen Mary University of London
342. Michael Nebeling, Assistant Professor of Information & CSE, University of Michigan
343. Michael P. Kim, Miller Institute, UC Berkeley
344. Michael Winikoff, Professor and Head of School, Victoria University of Wellington
345. Michel Steuwer, Lecturer, University of Edinburgh
346. Mike Rosulek, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
347. Milind Kulkarni, Associate Professor, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University
348. Mohamed Sarwat, Professor of Computer Science, Arizona State University
349. Mohammad Akbarpour, Professor of Economics and (by courtesy) Computer Science, Stanford University
350. Mohammad Hajiabadi, Assistant Professor of CSE, Pennsylvania State University, Assistant Professor of CSE, Pennsylvania State University
351. Mohammad Hajiesmaili, UMass Amherst
352. Mohammad Heydari, Dr., Research Fellow
353. Mohammad Javad Abdolhosseini Qomi, Assistant Professor, UC Irvine
354. Mohammad Javad Amiri, Postdoc Researcher, University of Pennsylvania
355. Mohammad Mahmoody, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Virginia
356. Mohammad Malekzadeh, Postdoctoral Researcher, Imperial College London
357. Mohammad Sadoghi, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, University of California, Davis
358. Mohammad Saleh Zarepour, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Birmingham
359. Mohammad Shahrad, Lecturer in Computer Science, Princeton University
360. Mohammad T. Hajiaghayi, ACM Fellow, Minker Professor of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park
361. Mohsen Heidari, Postdoc, Purdue University
362. Mojtaba Azadi, Assistant Professor, San Francisco State University
363. Molly H. Olson, Mathematics and Coding teacher, Ely Memorial School
364. Mona Azadkia, Postdoc, ETH
365. Morteza Dehghani, Associate Professor of Psychology and Computer Science, University of Southern California
366. Morteza Rezanejad, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Toronto
367. Moslem Habibi, Assistant Professor at Sharif University, Assistant Professor at Sharif University of Technology
368. Mostafa Milani, Assistant Professor, The University of Western Ontario
369. Motahhare Eslami, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University
370. Munmun De Choudhury, Associate Professor of Interactive Computing; 2021 ACM-W Awardee, Georgia Institute of Technology
371. Murat Demirbas, Professor of Computer Science, University at Buffalo, SUNY
372. Muthuramakrishnan Venkitasubramaniam, Associate Professor, University of Rochester
373. Myounghoon Jeon, Associate Professor, Virginia Tech
374. Nachiket Kapre, University of Aaterloo
375. Nader Sehatbakhsh, Assistant Professor, UCLA
376. Naeem Khademi, Assoc. Prof., University of Stavanger
377. Nael Abu-Ghazaleh, Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Riverside
378. Nancy Smith, Assistant Professor, School of Information, Pratt Institute
379. Nanette Veilleux, Professor, Simmons University
380. Naomi Nishimura, Associate Professor, University of Waterloo
381. Nauman Chaudhry, Instructor, Oregon State University
382. Navid Hashemi, Assistant Professor, College of Charleston
383. Nazanin Andalibi, Assistant Professor of Information, University of Michigan, School of Information
384. Nicholas Spooner, Postdoctoral Scholar, Boston University
385. Nicole Ellison, Karl E. Weick Collegiate Professor of Information, University of Michigan School of Information
386. Nikhil Garg, Postdoc, UC Berkeley
387. Nikhil Srivastava, Associate Professor, UC Berkeley
388. Niklas Elmqvist, Professor of Information Studies and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park
389. Niloufar Salehi, Assistant professor, UC, Berkeley
390. Nima Haghpanah, Assistant Professor of Economics, Pennsylvania State University
391. Noah Stephens-Davidowitz, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Cornell University
392. Nova Ahmed, Associate Professor, North South University, Bangladesh
393. Odest Chadwicke Jenkins, Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan
394. Oliver Haimson, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
395. Om Damani, Professor of Computer Science, IIT Bombay
396. Omid Rohanian, Post-Doctoral Research Associate, University of Oxford
397. Panos Parpas, Reader, Imperial College London
398. Parisa Rashidi, Associate Professor, University of Florida
399. Patricia Arias Cabarcos, Postdoctoral Researcher, KIT
400. Patricia Garcia, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
401. Paul Dourish, ACM Fellow, Chancellor’s Professor of Informatics, University of California, Irvine
402. Paul H J Kelly, Professor of Software Technology, Imperial College London
403. Pejman Lotfi-Kamran, Associate Professor of Computer Science, IPM
404. Pernille Bjorn, Professor, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
405. Peter Shor, Professor of Mathematics, MacArthur Fellow, Nevanlinna Prize, ACM Fellow, MIT
406. Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani, Assistant Professor, TU Delft
407. Piper Jackson, Assistant Professor of Computing Science, Thompson Rivers University
408. Pooya Hatami, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Ohio State University
409. Pooyan Jamshidi, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of South Carolina
410. Priya Kumar, University of Maryland, College Park
411. R. Benjamin Shapiro, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder
412. Rachit Agarwal, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Cornell University
413. Rad Niazadeh, Assistant Professor, University of Chicago Booth School of Business
414. Rada Mihalcea, Janice M. Jenkins Collegiate Professor of Computer Science, University of Michigan
415. Rafael Oliveira, University of waterloo
416. Ramtin Pedarsani, Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara
417. Rasit Eskicioglu, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
418. Rasoul Etesami, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
419. Rebecca Wright, Druckenmiller Professor of Computer Science, Barnard College
420. Rediet Abebe, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, UC Berkeley / Harvard Society of Fellows
421. Reem Talhouk, Vice chancellor research fellow, Northumbria University
422. Reihaneh Rabbany, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, McGill University
423. Reva Freedman, Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University
424. Reyhaneh Jabbarvand, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
425. Reza Babanezhad Harikandeh, Research Scientist, Research Scientist
426. Reza Djeddi, Research Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Univeristy of Tennessee, Knoxville
427. Reza Rawassizadeh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Boston University
428. Reza Sameni, Associate Professor, Emory University
429. Reza Zadeh, Adjunct Professor, Stanford and Matroid
430. Ricardo Baeza-Yates, ACM Fellow, Professor, Northeastern University
431. Richmond Wong, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of California, Berkeley
432. Rob Comber, Associate Professor, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
433. Robert Soden, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
434. Roberto Minelli, Ph.D., Software Institute – USI, Lugano, Switzerland
435. Robin Brewer, University of Michigan, School of Information
436. Roderic N. Crooks, Assistant Professor of Informatics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine., Assistant Professor, UC Irvine Informatics.
437. Roei Tell, Postdoctoral Fellow, MIT
438. Ron Eglash, Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
439. Ron Wakkary, Professor (Former Editor-in-Chief ACM interactions 2010-16), Simon Fraser University
440. Ross Tate, Cornell University
441. Roya Ensafi, Assistant professor, University of Michigan
442. Rubén Salvador Perea, CentraleSupélec, IETR Lab
443. Ryan Cotterell, Assistant Professor, ETH Zürich
444. Sadegh Aliakbary, Faculty member as an assistant professor, Shahid Beheshti University
445. Sadegh Dalvandi, Research Fellow, University of Surrey
446. Sajin Koroth, Postdoctoral Fellow, Simon Fraser University
447. Salman Beigi, Associate Professor, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
448. Sam Malek, Professor, University of California, Irvine
449. Saman Zonouz, Professor, 2019 PECASE Awardee, Rutgers University
450. Samantha Breslin, Assistant Professor, University of Copenhagen
451. Sameer Singh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine
452. Samin Aref, Computer Scientist and Former Lecturer, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
453. Sandeep Kumar Shukla, Professor Of computer science, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
454. Sara Sartoli, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of North Georgia
455. Sarah Fox, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
456. Sarita Adve, Richard T. Cheng Professor of Computer Science, Member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, recipient of ACM/IEEE CS Ken Kennedy award, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
457. Sarita Schoenebeck, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
458. Saugata Ghose, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
459. Sauvik Das, Assistant Professor of Interactive Computing, Cybersecurity & Privacy, Georgia Institute of Technology
460. Scott David Dexter, Professor of Computer Science, Alma College
461. Sean Farley, Researcher, Argonne National Lab
462. Sean Munson, Associate Professor, University of Washington
463. Sean Murthy, Associate Professor of Instruction, University of Texas at Dallas
464. Sebastian Diaz, Cheif Geek, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Univeristy
465. Sebastian Schelter, University of Amsterdam
466. Sepehr Nezami, Postdoctoral researcher, Caltech
467. Shahin Kamali, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
468. Shahrooz Faghihroohi, Senior Research Scientist
469. Shaowen Bardzell, Professor, Penn State University
470. Shayan Oveis Gharan, Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington
471. Shideh Dashti, Associate Professor, University of Colorado Boulder
472. Shimon Edelman, Professor, Cornell University
473. Shirin Boroushaki, Assistant Professor, Thompson Rivers University
474. Shiva Nejati, Associate Professor at the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa
475. Siamak F. Shahandashti, Lecturer (Assistant Professor), Department of Computer Science, University of York, UK
476. Sibin Mohan, Research Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
477. Siddharth Garg, Associate Professor of ECE, New York University
478. Sihem Amer-Yahia, Research Director, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes
479. Silvia Lindtner, Associate Professor of Information and Computer Sciences, Associate Director of the Center for Ethics, Society, and Computing, University of Michigan
480. Simina Branzei, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Purdue University
481. Sina Fazelpour, Postdoctoral Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
482. Sina Tafazoli, Postdoctoral research associate, Princeton University
483. Soheil Mohajer, Associatie Professor, University of Minnesota
484. Sourav S Bhowmick, Associate Professor in Computer Science, Nanyang Technological University
485. Stacey Scott, Professor of Computer Science, University of Guelph
486. Stephen A Cook, ACM Turing Award, University Emeritus, Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto
487. Stephen B Gilbert, Director of Human Computer Interaction and Assoc Prof, Iowa State University
488. Stephen Ramsey, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
489. Steve Easterbrook, Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
490. Subramanian Ramamoorthy, Professor of Robot Learning and Autonomy, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
491. Supratik Chakraborty, Professor, I.I.T. Bombay
492. Suvrit Sra, Associate Professor, MIT
493. Suzanne Rivoire, Professor of Computer Science, Sonoma State University
494. Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
495. Taha Yasseri, Associate Professor, Former Turing Fellow, University College Dublin
496. Talayeh Aledavood, Lecturer in CS, Aalto University
497. Tara Javidi, Professor of ECE, University of California, San Diego
498. Tariq, Professors of Computer Sciences, University College of Technology Sarawak
499. Tawanna Dillahunt, Associate Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
500. Tevfik Kosar, Professor, University at Buffalo
501. Thomas G. Dietterich, Distinguished Professor (Emeritus), Oregon State University
502. Tiago Ferreira, Research Assistant, University College London
503. Tiffany Veinot, Professor of Information and of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan
504. Timothy M. Pinkston, Ph.D., Professor of ECE, ACM Fellow, University of Southern California
505. Timur Friedman, Sorbonne Université
506. Tugkan Batu, Assistant Professor, London School of Economics
507. Valerie Barr, Professor of Computer Science, Mount Holyoke College
508. Vasco T. Vasconcelos, Professor of Computer Science, University of Lisbon
509. Vasiliki Kalavri, Assistant Professor, Boston University
510. Vijay Chidambaram, Assistant Professor, University of Texas at Austin
511. Vikram S. Adve, Donald B. Gillies Professor of Computer Science; ACM Fellow, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
512. Virginia de Sa, Professora, UC San Diego
513. Wanda Pratt, Professor and Associate Dean for Diversity Equity & Inclusion, Information School, University of Washington
514. Wayne Heym, Senior Lecturer, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
515. Wendy Norris, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Nazareth College
516. Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh, Professor of computer science, University of Tehran
517. Yan Chen, Professor of Information, University of Michigan
518. Yashar Ganjali, Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
519. Yasser Roudi, Professor, winner of Eric Kandel Young Neuroscientist Award 2015, Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, NTNU
520. Yavar Taheri Yeganeh, Senior Research Assistant, Shahid Beheshti University
521. Yifan Sun, Assistant Professor, William & Mary
522. Yvonne Coady, Professor of Computer Science, University of Victoria
523. Ziawasch Abedjan, Professor of Computer Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover
524. Zubair Shafiq, Associate Professor, University of California, Davis

– Academia: Students:

1. Aakash Gautam, PhD student, Virginia Tech
2. Abbas K. Rizi, PhD Candidate in CS, PhD Candidate
3. Abdallah Anees AbuHashem, Master’s Student at Stanford University, Master’s Student at Stanford University
4. Abduvosid Malikov, Student at MSc Business Analytics, CEU, Student
5. Abraham Mhaidli, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
6. Abrar Rahman Protyasha, Undergraduate student, University of Rochester
7. Abtin Afshar, Phd student, Phd student
8. Adam Suhl, PhD student, UC San Diego
9. Afsoon Afzal, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
10. Agata Foryciarz, PhD Student, Stanford University
11. Ahmed Frikha, PhD student, LMU Munich and Siemens
12. Ahmed, Student, Penn State
13. Aidin Shiri, Computer Engineer, University of Maryland Baltimore County
14. Aishwarya Mandyam, PhD Student, Princeton University
15. Akshay Gopalakrishnan, MSc Thesis
16. Alejandro Flores-Velazco, PhD Student, University of Maryland, College Park
17. Alen K. Sabu, Doctoral candidate in Computer Science, National University of Singapore
18. Alexander Gamero-Garrido, PhD Candidate in Computer Science, UC San Diego
19. Alexander Hicks, University College London
20. Ali Farzanehfar, PhD candidate, Imperial College London
21. Ali Gorji, M.Sc. student, ETH Zurich
22. Ali Hajiabdi, PhD student, National University of Singapore
23. Ali Sharafat, PhD Student, Stanford University
24. Ali Varamesh, PhD cadidate, KU Leuven
25. Alicia DeVos, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
26. Alireza Sanaee, Mr., Queen Mary University of London
27. Alyssa Wang, UCLA
28. Amber Horvath, Graduate Student, Carnegie Mellon University
29. Amin Jabini, PhD student at USC, PhD Student at USC
30. Amir Khordadi, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
31. Amir Shahatit, Software engineer, UC Berkeley
32. Amirhossein Ghafari, Research Assistant, Student
33. Amirhossein Rajabi, PhD Candidate in CS, Technical University of Denmark
34. Anagha Zach, Computer science engineer, Student
35. Andi Peng, PhD Candidate in CS, MIT
36. Andrew Hu, PhD Student, Michigan State University
37. Ángel Alexander Cabrera, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
38. Anja Kalaba, Princeton University
39. Ankit Pensia, PhD Student, UW-Madison
40. Anna Fang, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
41. Anna Karanika, PhD student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
42. Anna Kawakami, Undergraduate student, Wellesley College
43. Anne Spencer Ross, PhD Candidate, University of Washington
44. Antares Chen, PhD Student, University of Chicago
45. Arash Pourhabibi, PhD Candidate, EPFL
46. Arezou Fatemi, SFU
47. Argyris Mouzakis, PhD Student, University of Waterloo
48. Arjun Subramonian, Computer Science Student, University of California, Los Angeles
49. Artem Pelenitsyn, Northeastern University
50. Ashkan Kazemi, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
51. Ashkan YekrangSafakar, Electrical Engineering, Louisiana State University
52. Ashwin Rajadesingan, PhD student, University of Michigan School of Information
53. Ashwin Singh, IIIT Delhi
54. Atefe Khodadadi, Student, Sharif University of Technology
55. Atia Hamidizadeh, M.Sc. student in Computer Science, Simon Fraser University
56. Bandar Al-Dhalaan, (none), University of Michigan
57. Behnam Rahdari, PhD Student, University of Pittsburgh
58. Behrad Moniri, Student of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
59. Ben Pullman, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
60. Benjamin Elizalde, PhD student
61. Bharat Prakash, PhD Research Assistant, UMBC
62. Brandon Thai Tran, PhD Student, University of Southern California
63. Brian Zimmerman, Software Engineer, Graduate Student, Myself
64. Bryan Wang, PhD student, University of Toronto
65. Buzz Rankouhi, PhD candidate, University of Wisconsin-Madison
66. Calvin Liang, University of Washington
67. Cella Monet Sum, Incoming PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
68. Chloe Kliman-Silver, Postgrad Researcher, Northumbria University
69. Christian Seitz, PhD student, UCSD
70. Conlon Novak, DC, SCS ’20
71. Dana Afazeli, Data scientist, Cs student at sharif university of technology
72. Daniel Delmonaco, PhD Student, University of Michigan School of Information
73. Darya Kaviani, Undergraduate, UC Berkeley EECS
74. David Gray Widder, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
75. Dimitris Karakostas, PhD candidate, University of Edinburgh
76. Divine Maloney, PhD candidate, inaugural Ada Lovelace fellow, Clemson University
77. Divyansh Kaushik, PhD student, Carnegie Mellon University
78. Dmitrii Ustiugov, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
79. Earl W. Huff Jr., Ph.D. Candidate, Clemson University
80. Eliot W. Robson, PhD Student, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
81. Elizabeth Resor, PhD Candidate, UC Berkeley School of Information
82. Emad Heydari Beni, PhD candidate, KU Leuven
83. Emilia Gan, PhD Student, University of Washington
84. Emily Tseng, PhD Student, Cornell University
85. Emma Lurie, PhD Student, UC Berkeley School of Information
86. Emma McDonnell, University of Washington
87. Emma McKay, PhD student, McGill University
88. Emmy Cao, UCLA
89. Evangelia Gergatsouli, PhD Student, University of Wisconsin-Madison
90. Evanjelin Mahmoodi, Computer Science and Mathematics Undergraduate Student, University of California, Santa Cruz
91. Farhad Vadiee, PhD student, University of Bergen
92. Farzin Soleymani, Grad student, Technical University of Munich
93. Felix Neutatz, PhD student, TU Berlin
94. Gabriel Grill, PhD Student, University of Michigan
95. Hafez Ghaemi, Graduate Student, Polytechnic University of Turin
96. Hamed Javidi, Computer science, Gradute Student
97. Harjasleen Gulati, CS Student at Oregon State University
98. Henry Zhu, Ph.D. Student, Stanford University
99. Hossein Golestani, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
100. Hossein Maleki, Ph.D. Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
101. Hossein Moghaddas, Student, Sharif University of Technology
102. Hünkar Tunç, University of Konstanz
103. Hye Sun Yun, PhD student, Northeastern University
104. Ian Haliburton, UCLA
105. Ihudiya Finda Williams, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
106. Ilir Kola, PhD Candidate in Artificial Intelligence, Delft University of Technology
107. J Weston Hughes, PhD Student, Computer Science, Stanford University
108. Jacob McLemore, PhD Student, The University of Tennessee
109. Jacob Ritchie, PhD Student, Stanford University
110. Jan-Oliver Kaiser, MPI-SWS
111. Jane Im, PhD student, University of Michigan Information & Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan
112. Javad Rahimikollu, Graduate Student, Graduate Student
113. Jeffrey Gleason, Incoming PhD Student, Northeastern
114. Jessy Ceha, Student, University of Waterloo
115. Jip J. Dekker, PhD Candidate, Monash University
116. João Ribeiro, Imperial College London
117. Jonathan Lu, Medical Student, Goldwater Scholar, Stanford University School of Medicine
118. Jose Guaro, Undergraduate, University of California, San Diego
119. Josephine Hoy, Graduate Student, Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington
120. Julia Cervantes-Espinoza, Educator Advocating CS for All, LAUSD Educator, Advocate of CS for All, EdTech Coach
121. Julia Len, PhD Student, Cornell University
122. Julien Gamba, PhD student, IMDEA Networks Institute
123. Justine Zhang, PhD Student, Cornell University
124. K.A. Garrett, Ph.D. Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
125. Kamen Brestnichki, Machine Learning Scientist, University College London
126. Kat Roemmich, PhD student, University of Michigan School of Information
127. Katherine Song, PhD student, UC Berkeley
128. Katie Z. Gach, PhD Candidate, ATLAS Institute, CU Boulder
129. Kazem Cheshmi, PhD student, University of Toronto
130. Kentrell Owens, PhD Student, University of Washington
131. Khalil Mrini, PhD Student in Computer Science, University of California San Diego
132. Konstantin Aal, PhD Student, University of Siegen
133. Konstantinos Kallas, PhD student, PhD student
134. Kyle Liang, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
135. Leo Chen, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
136. Léo Stefanesco, PhD student, Collège de France
137. Lindsay Popowski, Undergraduate, Harvey Mudd College
138. Linghui Luo, PhD Candidate, Paderborn University
139. Liz B. Marquis, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan School of Information
140. Lucy Li, PhD Student, University of California, Berkeley
141. Luke Swanson, PhD Student, University of Wisconsin-Madison
142. Lydia Burger, Undergraduate Student, University of Oklahoma
143. Lydia Stamato, PhD Student, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
144. M. Hammad Mazhar, University of Iowa
145. Mahdi Belbasi, PhD candidate
146. Mahdi Sedaghat, PhD student of Cryptography in Cosic, Ku Leuven
147. Mahsa Alimardani, PhD Student, University of Oxford
148. Majid Rasouli, Ph.D. Student, University of Utah
149. Mania Abdi, Northeastern university
150. María Virginia Sabando, PhD student, Departemnt of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina
151. Mark Schultz, PhD Student, UC San Diego
152. Maroussia Lévesque, Attorney; doctoral candidate, Harvard Law School
153. Mary Anne Smart, PhD student, UC San Diego
154. Maryam Akbari-Moghaddam, Computer Science, McMaster University
155. Masoud Mokhtari, Machine Learning Graduate Student, University of British Columbia
156. Masoumeh Abolfathi, PhD Candidate, University of Colorado Denver
157. Matin Yarmand, PhD Student, UC San Diego
158. Matthew Jörke, PhD Student, Stanford University, PhD Student
159. Maximilian Berens, PhD Student, TU Dortmund University
160. Mayowa Oke, Princeton University
161. Mazda Moayeri, University of Maryland
162. Maziar Hafezi, Mr, University of Toronto alumni
163. Mehran Shakerinava, McGill University
164. Mehri mehrnia, PhD candidate, Illinois institute of technology
165. MG Hirsch, University of Maryland
166. Michael Levet, PhD Student, University of Colorado Boulder- Department of Computer Science
167. Michael Rivera, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
168. Michael Schröder, PhD Student, TU Wien
169. Michelle Lam, PhD Student, Stanford University
170. Michelle Lin, Student
171. Mihir Mongia, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
172. Mohamed Elgaar, PhD Student of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell
173. Mohammad Amin Charusaie, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
174. Mohammad Bakhshalipour, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University
175. Mohammad Chegini, Student of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
176. Mohammad Dehghan, Graduate Student, University of Waterloo
177. Mohammad Hossein Rimaz, Computer Science Student
178. Mohammad M. Ahmadpanah, Ph.D. Student, Chalmers University of Technology
179. MohammadHossein AskariHemmat, PhD Student, Polytechnique Montreal
180. Mollie Shichman, University of Maryland, College Park
181. Molly Jane Nicholas, Graduate Student Researcher, University of California, Berkeley
182. Morgan Wofford, PhD Student, University of Michigan
183. Mostafa Touny, Software Engineering Student, 6th of October for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)
184. Nadia Karizat, Master of Health Informatics, Candidate, University of Michigan School of Information
185. Naji Shajarisales, Graduate Research Assistant, Carnegie Mellon University
186. Nalini Singh, Graduate Student, MIT
187. Nava Haghighi, Stanford University
188. Navid Rahimi, M.Sc. in Computer Science, Simon Fraser University
189. Navid Salehnamadi, Software Engineering, Graduate Student, University of California, Irvine
190. Negar Arabzadeh, Computer science graduate student, University of Waterloo
191. Negar Ghorbani, PhD Candidate in Software Engineering, University of California, Irvine
192. Negar Khojasteh, PhD Candidate, Cornell University
193. Negin Alimohammadi, PhD student, University of Washington
194. Neilly Tan, PhD Student, University of Washington
195. Neophytos Charalambides, PhD candidate, EECS Department, University of Michigan
196. Nishant Rodrigues, PhD Candidate, University of Illinois @ Urbana-Champaign
197. Omid Heravi, UC Berkeley
198. Orfeas Stefanos Thyfronitis Litos, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
199. Panayiotis Smeros, PhD Student, EPFL
200. Pang Wei Koh, PhD Student, Stanford University
201. Pashootan Vaezipoor, University of Toronto
202. Patrick Lin, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
203. Patrick Naughton, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
204. Pedram Daee, Aalto University
205. Pedram Safi, Graduate Student of Computer Science, University of Southern California
206. Peyman Momeni, Computer Science Graduate Student, University of Waterloo
207. Pooja Ravi Kulkarni, PhD student at UIUC, UIUC
208. Psi Vesely, UCSD
209. Qiaosi Wang, PhD Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
210. Raiyan Abdul Baten, PhD Student in Engineering, University of Rochester
211. Ramin Mousavi, PhD candidate, University of Alberta
212. Ramy Shahin, PhD Student, University of Toronto
213. Rëza Habibi, PhD Student, University of California, Santa Cruz
214. Ria Stevens, McGill University
215. Rina R. Wehbe, PhD Computer Science, UWaterloo
216. Rob Fitzgerald, PhD Candidate in Computer Science, GAANN Fellow, University of Colorado Denver
217. Robert Andrews, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
218. Robert P Gauthier, PhD Student, University of Waterloo
219. Rolando Garcia, PhD Student, UC Berkeley
220. Rose Kunkel, Ph.D. student, University of California, San Diego
221. Roshni Sahoo, Stanford University
222. Roya Sabbagh Novin, Research assistant, University of Utah
223. Rucha Ravi Kulkarni, PhD candidate, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
224. Saber Sheybani, PhD candidate in Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington
225. Saeed Rashidi, PhD Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
226. Saeedreza Shehnepoor, PhD Student, The University of Western Australia
227. Saeid Amiri, PhD candidate, SUNY Binghamton
228. Sahand Mozaffari, Research Assistant, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
229. Sam McGuire, UCSD
230. Samantha Robertson, PhD Student, UC, Berkeley
231. Samira Abnar, University of Amsterdam
232. Sarah Pearman, PhD student in Societal Computing, Institute for Software Research, Carnegie Mellon University
233. Sarah Perou Hermans, Fourth year medical student, Tulane University
234. Sarah Sterman, PhD Candidate, UC Berkeley
235. Saransh Gupta, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
236. Sayyed Ata Naghedifar, Computer Science Student, Sharif University of Technology
237. sepideh maleki, PhD candidate, The University of Texas at Austin
238. Seyed Mohammed Sadegh Mahdavi, Student in Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
239. Shabnam Nazmi, Machine learning research assistant, North Carolina A&T State University
240. Shaghayegh Esmaeili, Ph.D. Student, University of Florida
241. Shahriar Shayesteh, M.Sc. student, University of Ottawa
242. Shahriar Talebi, PhD student, University of Washington
243. Shawheen Y Naderi, Student
244. Shayan Hosseini, MSc Student, UBC
245. Shiva Ketabi, University of Toronto
246. Soheil Changizi, Computer Science Master Student, University of Manitoba
247. Sohil Vaidya, Graduate Student of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
248. Sophie Huiberts, PhD Candidate, CWI
249. Steven Rick, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
250. Talia Ringer, PhD Student, University of Washington
251. Tanvi Bajpai, Student, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
252. Tobby Lie, Student of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
253. Tom Darin, Graduate Student, UCLA
254. Udayan Tandon, PhD Student, University of California, San Diego
255. Václav Rozhoň, PhD Student, ETH Zurich
256. Vahid Mafi, PhD Candidate, IT Manager, Modares University
257. Vahid shahrivari, SUT
258. vasilis gavrielatos, PhD student computer science
259. Victoria Dean, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
260. Vishvajeet N, PhD candidate, Rutgers University
261. Weena Naowaprateep, CSEd Ph.D. Candidate, Mahidol University
262. Yaghoubi, Neuroscience student, PhD student at McGill University
263. Yasaman Sefidgar, PhD Student, University of Washington
264. Yasamin Nazari, PhD student, Johns Hopkins University
265. Yaser Souri, Ph.D. Student, University of Bonn
266. Yixin Zou, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
267. Yousof Azizi, PhD Candidate & Lecturer, Virginia Tech School of Public & International Affairs
268. Yuhao Zhang, PhD Student, UC San Diego
269. Zahra Tarkhani, University of Cambridge
270. Zaid Qureshi, Research Assistant, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
271. Zeerak Waseem, PhD student, University of Sheffield

– Industry and More:

1. Aakar Gupta, Research Scientist, Facebook Reality Labs Resarch
2. Adel Ahanin, Risk Researcher, BAM
3. Afsaneh Rigot, Researcher, ARTICLE 19 and Harvard
4. Afshin Oroojlooyjadid, Machine Learning Developer, SAS Institute
5. Ahmad Beirami, Research Scientist, Facebook AI
6. Alan Jeffrey, Software Engineer
7. Alex Hanna, Senior Research Scientist, Google Research
8. Ali Alkhatib, Director, Center for Applied Data Ethics
9. Ali Parsai, Research Engineer, PhD Computer Science from UAntwerpen, Belgium, Flanders Make
10. Alice Yeh, Technical Program Manager
11. Amanda Stent, NLP Architect, Bloomberg
12. Amer Diwan, Distinguished engineer, Google
13. Amin Dahesh, Engineering manager at Facebook
14. Amin Jorati, Applied Scientist
15. Amir Abdi, Research Engineer, BorealisAi
16. Amir H Gholamipour, Senior Firmware Engineer, SpaceX
17. Amir Hossein Ghamarian, Phd
18. Amir Kiani, Product Manager, Google Inc.
19. Amir Maleki, Software Engineer, Ansys Inc
20. Amirhossein Aleyasen, Research Scientist, Datometry
21. Amirsina Eskandarifar, Data Scientist, Analytics group
22. Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Principal research scientist
23. Andrew Hill, Data Analyst, National Jewish Health
24. Anoush Najarian, Software Engineering Manager, Chair of AI Track, GHC (Grace Hopper Celebration), NeurIPS Meetup Chair, MathWorks
25. Aram Hamidi, Data Scientist, Caltech affiliate via JPL
26. Arash Iranzad, AI team lead, Ciena
27. Arash Vahdat, Senior Research Scientist, NVIDIA
28. Armin Salimi, Ph.D., Natural Resources Canada
29. Arsham Mostaani, Nokia Bell Labs
30. Arsia Takeh, Director of Data Science, 1health
31. Ashkan Balouchi, Vice President, Finance
32. Asif Hussain Shahid, Software engineer
33. Azadeh Keivani, Co-founder and CEO, Digital Age Academy
34. Babak Salamat, Staff Software Engineer, Google
35. Backsun Sim, Software developer, Job seeker
36. Bahram Fallah, Compliance Manager, IT Global Environmental Compliance
37. Bahram Rushenas, Solution Architect
38. Bashir Sadjad, Senior Software Engineer, Google Canada
39. Behdad Esfahbod, Software Engineer, –
40. Behjat Siddiquie, Research Scientist, Amazon
41. Behnam Anjomruz, Software Engineer
42. Behnam Neyshabur, Staff Research Scientist, Google
43. Behnaz Edalat, Software Engineer
44. Ben Carterette, ACM SIGIR Chair, Research Manager, Affiliated Associate Professor, Spotify / University of Delaware
45. Bijan azodi, IT manager, IT
46. Boshra Nabaei, Software engineer, User Testing
47. Brent Miller, Software Engineer
48. Burak Emir, Alchemist of Happiness, Google
49. Carlo Curino, Principal Scientist Manager, Microsoft GSL
50. Charles C Earl, Data Scientist, Automattic.com
51. Chetan Ganjihal, AI Architect
52. Christina Calio, Consultant, Code.org
53. Cyrus Safaie, Director, Research Science
54. Cyrus Safaie, Director, Research Science, Convoy
55. Danial Ehyaie, Entrepreneur and university of Michigan Alumni, PhD University of Michigan
56. Daniel Khashabi, Young Investigator, Allen Institute for AI
57. David A. Shamma, ACM Distinguished Member, IEEE Senior Member
58. David M Neto, Senior Staff Software Developer, Google Canada
59. David Qorashi, Senior Software Engineer
60. Dawn Sheirzad, Product Manager
61. Dean Jansen, Executive Director, Participatory Culture Foundation
62. Deborah Katz, Ph.D. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University
63. Dr. Matthias J. Sax, Software Engineer, Confluent Inc.
64. Dr. Nima Kaviani, Principal Solutions Architect, Amazon Web Services
65. Dustin Frazier, IT Professional
66. Ebrahim Songhori, Software Engineer, PhD, Google Inc
67. Ehsan Amid, Computer Science, PhD
68. Ehsan Behnam, Applied Scientist, Amazon Inc
69. Ehsan Iranmanesh, Research Scientist, 1QBit
70. Ehsan Jahangiri, Sr. Research Engineer, Apple Inc.
71. Ehsan Kazemi, Research software engineer, Google
72. Ehsan Keramati, Automation Engineer
73. Ehsan M. Kermani, Applied Scientist, Amazon Web Services
74. Ehsan Mirsaeedi, Senior Software Engineer
75. Ehsan Vahedi, Senior Data Scientist, Microsoft
76. Erfan Sadeqi Azer, PhD of computer science, Indiana University
77. Etienne Obriot, Technical project manager
78. Fardin Abdi, Sr. ML Engineer, Pinterest
79. Fariba Armanfard, Electrical and computer engineer
80. Farkhan Jamalzadeh, Wireless Network Specialist, Iver Sweden
81. Fernando Diaz, Research Scientist, Google
82. Frédéric Dubut, Principal PM Manager, Microsoft
83. Gary Walker, Client Success Manager
84. Gelareh Manghebati, Barrister & Solicitor, Memorial University of Newfoundland (alumni), University of Manitoba (alumni)
85. Hadi Partovi, CEO and co-founder, Code.org
86. Hadi Zarkoob, Senior Data Scientist, Senior Data Scientist
87. Hamdan Azhar, Data Scientist
88. Hamed Alemohammad, Chief Data Scientist, Radiant Earth Foundation, Radiant Earth Foundation
89. Hamed Noori, CEO at SenseNet Inc., University of British Columbia
90. Homayun Afrabandpey, Senior scientist, Nokia Tech.
91. Hossein Hamooni, Research Data Scientist, Facebook
92. Houman Kamali, Software Engineer, Rivian
93. Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin, Research Scientist, Google Research
94. Iman Rahmatizadeh, Engineering Manager, Google
95. James Armontrout, Psychiatrist, Department of veterans affairs / Stanford affiliate faculty appointment
96. James Davies, Softer Engineer, Imperial College London
97. Jared Weakly, SWE/SRE
98. Jeffrey Mogul, Principal Software Engineer, Google
99. Jennifer Pierre, User Experience Researcher, Google
100. Jesse Hall, Software Engineer, Google, LLC
101. Jill Dimond, PhD, Sassafras Tech Collective
102. Jill Susan Boon, VP, People
103. Joanne Ma, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley School of Information
104. Jofish Kaye, ACM Senior Member
105. John Tang, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
106. Jonas Manuel, Software Engineer
107. Joshua Muskovitz, Software Engineer
108. Joyojeet Pal, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
109. Jude Nelson, Research Scientist, Stacks Open Internet Foundation
110. Karthik Ramakrishnan, Director Alexa AI
111. Kaveh Shahabi, Software Engineer, Google Inc.
112. Kevin Dean, Software Developer
113. Kianoosh Mokhtarian, Senior Software Engineer, Google
114. Kiko Fernandez-Reyes, Software Engineer, Klarna
115. Lauren Chambers, Staff Technologist, ACLU of Massachusetts
116. Leigh Yeh, AI Engineer, Beyond Limits
117. Mahtab Sabet, Software Engineer, Amazon
118. Manohar Swaminathan, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
119. Mariam Asad, PhD, Georgia Tech
120. Mary L. Gray, Senior Principal Researcher, Professor of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, MacArthur Fellow, Microsoft Research and Indiana University
121. Masoud Loghmani, Product Manager
122. Masoud Tavazoei, Software Engineer, Stanford Alumni
123. Masrour Zoghi, Software Engineer, Google Research
124. Matias Bonaventura, Computer Science PostDoc, UBA-CONICET
125. Matt Nobar, Product leader
126. Matthew Reynolds, Computer Scientist, Industry professional
127. Meghan Combs, Product Manager
128. Mehdi Aghagolzadeh, Research scientist
129. Mehdi Noroozi, Researcher, Bosch Center for AI
130. Mehran Mohtasham, Engineer, Education/Community College
131. Mehrdad Farajtabar, Research Scientist, Google DeepMind
132. Mehrtash Babadi, Associate Director of Machine Learning, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
133. Michael Madaio, Postdoctoral researcher, Microsoft Research
134. Michael Muller, ACM Distinguished Scientist, (a technology company)
135. Michael Norrish, Research Scientist, CSIRO, Australia
136. Mike Fulton, IBM Distinguished Engineer, IBM Canada
137. Mikhail Jacob, Researcher, Microsoft Research
138. Milad Naseri, Software Engineer, Google
139. Mina Sedaghat, Senior researcher, Ericsson research, Senior researcher, Ericsson research
140. Moein Hosseini, Software Engineer
141. Mohammad Hossein Bateni, Staff Research Scientist, Google
142. Mohammad Hossein Sedighi Gilani, Data Engineer
143. Mohammad Mahdian, Senior Staff Research Scientist, Google Research
144. Mohammad moghadamfalahi, Head of machine learning and algorithms, Liminal sciences
145. Mohammad Nick, Software Engineer, Zalando SE
146. Mohammad Norouzi, Research Scientist, Google
147. Mohammad Saber Golanbari, System Engineer, Robert Bosch GmbH
148. Mohammad Soltani, Director of AI, AI R&D devision
149. Mohammadali Ghodrat, Software Engineer
150. Mohammadhasan Owlia, Software Engineer, Ezra AI
151. Mohsen Hejrati, Director of Engineering, Genentech
152. Momin M. Malik, PhD, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University
153. Mona Sergi, Software Engineer, Google
154. Muhammad Nabeel, Robotician, EDVON
155. Muminat Budishcheva, Mgr in Journalism
156. Nam-phuong Nguyen, Bioinformatic principal scientist, Boundless Bio, INC
157. Nancy Baym, Sr Principal Research Manager, Microsoft Research
158. Naser Peiravian, Machine Learning Engineer
159. Nastaran Bassamzadeh, Data scientist, Amazon
160. Nicolas Le Roux, Research scientist, Google
161. Nicole Immorlica, Senior Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
162. Nishant Subramani, Predoctoral Resident, Intel Labs
163. Nithya Sambasivan, Staff researcher, Google Research
164. Oktie Hassanzadeh, Research Scientist, IBM Research
165. Paige Lowe, Software Engineer, ACM-W NA
166. Parastoo Geranmayeh, Software Engineer
167. Parham Pashaei, PhD Candidate. Curriculum Development Lead, Diversifying Talent in Quantum Computing, The University of British Columbia
168. Parisa Taheri, Product Manager, Microsoft
169. Parviz Rushenas, Principal engineer
170. Payam Siyari, Senior Data Scientist, Aurora Innovation, Inc.
171. Paymon Rokni, Sr. Software Development Manager, Amazon
172. Pedram, Automation Engineer
173. Pooya Esfandiar, Software Engineering Manager, UBC CS alumnus
174. pouriya jahanbakhsh, Software Developer, Software developer
175. Pratyay Mukherjee, Researcher, Visa Research
176. Rad Akefirad, Software Engineer
177. Ram Shankar S Siva Kumar, Principal Program Manager, Microsoft, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard University
178. Ramis Movassagh, Research Staff Member, IBM Research
179. Razieh Behjati, Senior Software Engineer, PhD, Google
180. Reza Arbabi, Director of Software Engineering
181. Reza Fathzadeh, Software Engineer, Data Analyst
182. Robert McKeon Aloe Ph.D., Engineering Manager, Apple Engineer
183. Robert V. Welland, Software Architect, Worked at Commodore, Apple, Microsoft, etc.
184. Roberto Bifulco, Manager and researcher, NEC Laboratories Europe
185. Rohini Jayanthi, Data & Applied Scientist, Microsoft
186. Rohit Kumar, Consultant, VoiceThesis LLC
187. Roozbeh Ebrahimi, Senior Staff Software Engineer, Google
188. Rose Kue, Designer, ADP
189. Roshanak Akram, Data Scientist, Pilot Company
190. Roya Pakzad, Researcher in Technology and Human Rights, Taraaz
191. Saeid Ghafouri, Vice President, Sales Operations, Work at Alphawave IP Inc.
192. Saeid Rezaei Baghbidi, Software Engineer
193. Saeid Rezaei, Hardware Engineer
194. Sahand Akbari, Data Scientist, Unity Technologies
195. Sam Harris, High School Computer Science Teacher, Montclair Kimberley Academy
196. Sara Ahmadian, senior research scientist, google research
197. Sasan Tavakkol, Software Engineer, Google Research
198. Satnam Singh, Software Engineer, Google Research
199. Seyed Alaie, Research Scientist, Research Scientist
200. Seyed Hossein Mortazavi, Ph.D in Computer Science, University of Toronto
201. Seyed Mohammad Hossein Hamidi
202. Shaban Shakoori, Broker, Professional
203. Shahab Kamali, Researcher, Google Research
204. Shahab Tajik, Software Engineer
205. Shahab Yassemi, Software Engineer, Amazon
206. Shanthi Sekaran, Author
207. Shervin Minaee, Machine Learning Lead, Snap Inc
208. Shirin Sohrabi Araghi, Research Scientist, Research Manager, IBM Research
209. Shohreh Shaghaghian, Senior Research Scientist, Thomson Reuters Labs
210. Siavash Khallaghi, Machine Learning Engineer, DarkVision Technologies
211. Sina Mobasher Moghaddam, Hardware Engineer, PhD, Apple
212. Skyler Wharton, Software Engineer
213. Soheil Baharian, Senior Data Scientist, PhD in physics (UIUC), Bank of Canada
214. Somayeh Khiyabani, Staff Engineer, Qualcomm
215. Soroosh Yazdani, Software Engineer, Google
216. Stephanie Chan, Research Scientist, DeepMind
217. Su Lin Blodgett, Postdoctoral researcher, Microsoft Research
218. Surush Cyrus, Software Engineer
219. Tahereh Javaheri, PhD, Boston University, visiting researcher
220. Tim Prince, Software Engineer
221. Timnit Gebru, Dr. Researcher
222. Vahab Mirrokni, Distinguished Scientist, Google Research
223. Vahid Arbab, Data Scientist, Hulu
224. Vahid Ettehadi, Machine learning scientist
225. Vahid Hashemian, Software Engineer
226. Vahid Hejazi, Senior Scientist
227. Vasundhara Gautam, Speech Recognition Engineer, Dialpad, Inc.
228. Victor Zakhary, PhD, Senior Member of technical staff, Oracle
229. Virginia Grande, PhD candidate, Uppsala University
230. Wayne W Zachary, PhD, Managing Parter and CEO, Starship Health Technologies LLC
231. Yasaman Sedaghat, Software Engineer
232. Yue Feng, Software Engineer
233. Zahra Nazari, Research Scientist, Spotify
234. Zahra Shamsi, Software Engineer, Google Research

=================================================
https://www.cs.huji.ac.il/item/news/6803

The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering at the Hebrew University
Congratulations to Prof. Jeffrey Ullman from Stanford University on winning the Turing prize

6/4/21

Congratulations to Prof. Jeffrey Ullman from Stanford University on winning the Turing prize (joint with Alfred Aho)!
Prof. Ullman received this award, often called the Nobel prize of CS, for his work on fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and others in highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists.
Prof. Ullman is also a generous benefactor to our department, and his help is instrumental in providing student stipends, and supporting the Data and Computing Center.

Our heartiest Mazal Tov!  

==================================================
https://www.chronicle.com/article/iranian-american-group-calls-on-stanford-to-censure-professor/

Iranian-American Group Calls on Stanford to Censure Professor

By Josh KellerJANUARY 5, 2011

An Iranian-American group has asked Stanford University to censure a professor for what it calls “racially discriminatory and inflammatory” comments to an Iranian student who was asking him about admission to Stanford.

The professor, Jeffrey D. Ullman, wrote in an e-mail to a student at Sharif University in Tehran that he could not help the student gain admission to Stanford. “And even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people,” Mr. Ullman wrote.

The e-mail continued, “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the U.S., they have to respect the values we hold in the U.S., including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.”

The group, the National Iranian American Council, cited the e-mail in a letter to Stanford’s president on Monday. In the letter, the group calls on the university to distance itself from the comments and take disciplinary action against the professor. It also objects to a document about Iran and Israel that Mr. Ullman has posted on his faculty Web site.

“Racial and political discrimination such as this surely cannot be compatible with Stanford University’s values,” wrote the group’s policy director, Jamal Abdi. “Does the university not frown on professors making and communicating arbitrary policy decisions reflecting their own politics—and using university-hosted forums to do so?”

A Stanford spokeswoman said on Wednesday that Mr. Ullman has no involvement in the admissions process and that he does not represent Stanford. “He’s expressing his personal opinion and that’s his prerogative,” said the spokeswoman, Lisa Lapin. “We don’t have anything further to say about it.”

In an interview, Mr. Ullman acknowledged writing the e-mail but called the group’s claims “so freaking ridiculous.” He said he was expressing a political view about the actions of the Iranian government, and that Iranians need to know that “nobody’s going to treat them very kindly if the country behaves the way it does.”

  He said he should have made it clearer in his e-mail that he was expressing his own view, not an official Stanford policy. “But it should be pretty obvious that I’m not a Stanford admissions officer,” he said.===============================================================================
https://web.archive.org/web/20061030080448/http:/infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html

	SEPOCTDEC30200520062008
110 captures30 Oct 2006 – 28 Apr 2021

Answers to All Questions Iranian

Every few weeks I get an email from someone claiming to live in Iran. They usually have a Hotmail account or Yahoo mail account; some even managed to get a gmail account. They have a question for me, ranging from technical (“Is it true that all grammars can be put in an unambiguous form?”, “Is there a theory that information can be neither created nor destroyed?”) to the political (“Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner/take land from Native Americans/Depose Mossadegh, etc. etc.?”, or “How do I justify ‘Zionist crimes’, etc.?”).

I’m not sure why I get these, or whether other academics get them as well. I have a theory that there is a concerted attempt by some Iranian group to probe for friends in the US or elsewhere. I would be interested to know if others have experienced the same sort of email-writing campaign that I have. Possibly, the Article on Fundamentalism that I wrote is circulated in Iran. One correspondent commented “It is well known that I hate Iranians,” even though the article doesn’t mention Iran explicitly, and I actually have no such feelings. I do believe that the fundamentalist government of Iran is a huge problem, both to its own people and to the world. But the people are just fine, when allowed to participate in a free society.

So in order to save everybody a lot of time, I’m going to write down the answers to representative questions.

Question: Can I get into Stanford?

Answer: Probably not. At least I can’t help you. Admissions for undergraduates are not handled by faculty at Stanford or any US school. For graduate work, a committee of faculty and students selects admittees. The process is honest and fair; no faculty member can or would influence the process. See More on the Subject.

Question: Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner?

Answer: Did you know that at the time, Iran was threatening US shipping in the Persian Gulf? Were you told that the airliner was not carrying a transponder to identify it, and had taken off from a military airport? When a country such as Iran takes warlike actions, unfortunately mistakes happen. Had you been in command of the American ship involved, you could not have risked a sneak attack and would have done exactly the same thing.

Question: Why did the US take land from the Native Americans?

Answer: Because that’s the way things happen and always have happened. Technologically more advanced civilizations replace less advanced civilizations. I have a question of my own, which none of my Iranian correspondents was willing or able to answer. About 2500 years ago, there was a great Persian civilization. I have a suspicion that the people of Cyrus, Darius, and the other famous Persian kings were not living in Persia from the time of Homo Habilis. Where did the Persians come from, and whom did they replace? And why didn’t they respect the rights of the weaker civilization that was living on the land that is now Iran?

It is striking that Iranians have no trouble pointing to questionable actions of America and the rest of the free world, yet they give themselves, and Islamic terrorists in general, a free pass for much more heinous crimes. As a start, look at the first act of the fundamentalists in Iran: holding hostage the US diplomatic corps. Contrast that blatant violation of international law and tradition with the way America treated Japanese diplomats after the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. Diplomats were permitted to return home, as we were obliged in 1941 to do, and as Iran was obliged in 1979 to do. To make the contrast more extreme — the Japanese ambassador had been instructed by his government to present a declaration of war an hour before the Pearl-Harbor attack. But he neglected to do so!

Even more telling is the Iranian ranting over the fact that in the recent conflict between Israel and the Iranian-sponsored Hizbollah militia, Israel accidentally killed some civilians that Hizbollah was using as human shields. Yet at the same time, Iran provided missles whose sole purpose was to kill civilians. I think it is time that Iran looked into its own sense of ethics, and cleaned up its own act before presuming to tell the rest of the world about right and wrong.

Question: Why did the CIA depose Mossadegh in 1953?

Answer: As I understand it, Mossadegh nationalized the oil resources that had been developed by US and other Western oil companies. It is an interesting question whether natural resources should belong to the people who accidentally built homes on top of it, or to the people whose technology made it possible to extract those resources. I suspect that in 1953 the answer was clearly the latter, but as time went on, political philosophy went toward the former. Thus, seeing the events of 1953 through modern eyes, it looks different from what it was in its time. Regardless, if a country wants to import technology, as every developing nation should, it has to acknowledge the rule of law and respect its agreements with the companies that supply the technology. The penalty for not doing so is that the country will not have access to technology, and it appears that Iran is suffering from exactly that problem today.

Question: Why didn’t the US stop the Rwandan genocide (or other similar events)?

Answer: Curiously, Iran and many countries object to the US playing “policeman” for the world. Yet alone among countries, the US sometimes uses its resources to help countries when there is no benefit to us whatsoever. There are examples ranging from the Marshall plan in Europe after WW-II, to Kuwait and Kosovo. Where was Iran? Where is everybody now, when Arabs are killing and raping in Darfur?

Question: What do I think of Zionist crimes (sic)?

Answer: If you are referring to the actions of the state of Israel, I don’t see Israel as acting in a criminal way, given the circumstances. Rather, the criminals are Hamas, Hizbollah, and all the other Islamic terrorist groups that intentionally target innocent civilians rather than welcoming Israel into their midst. They could be having the benefits of a neighbor that is adept at modern, Western technology and is generous enough to share its advantages with friendly neighbors. It is not a crime for Israel, or any other country, to defend itself to the maximum extent possible from those sworn to kill its citizens.

I think that Iranians, from their president on down, could use a history lesson. Here are the relevant facts:

• Jews have lived in the land that is now Israel for the past 3000 years. However, the Jewish population started to increase in the 1800’s, when Jews bought the land from its owners under Ottoman law. Nothing was stolen, and the influx of Jews was not a result of the Balfour declaration in 1917 or actions of the European powers. In fact, Great Britain acted to keep Jews out of the land of Israel prior to 1948. So when your president rants that the Holocaust was imaginary, tell him that, not only is he wrong, but it doesn’t matter. That is not why Israel exists.
• Israel was formed by vote of the UN and has all the legitimacy of any other member of the UN. The notion that Arabs were pushed out of the land of Israel is nonsense. There was an exchange of populations similar to what had happened the year before when India and Pakistan were partitioned. In each case, I am sure that people on both sides chose to move because they preferred to be with their coreligionists. It may be that some of the 700,000 Jews who left Arab lands feared for their safety had they stayed, and it may be that some of the 600,000 Arabs who left Israel believed that they would be harmed if they stayed there. However, it is ridiculous to imagine that the motivations were different for these Arabs from what they were for the Moslems who left India for Pakistan (foolishly, it turns out — a secular, democratic state takes care of its people much better than a theocratic state), or the Hindus who left Pakistan, or the Jews who left Arab lands. The bottom line: there is neither precedent for, nor justification for, the “right of return” of Palestinians to the homes they chose to abandon for foolish reasons.
• Immediately after its creation, Israel was attacked by Arab armies from countries 150 times its size. These Arab armies were crushed, and Arab land was lost, resulting in the “1967 borders.”
• Although Arabs could have had the 1967 borders any time up to 1967, simply by making peace with Israel, they did not do so. Rather, they kept up terror attacks from wherever they could launch them, and many Israelis were killed by Nobel Laureate Yasser Arafat and his crew. It is important to bear this fact in mind, when you hear apologists for terror saying that it is justified by the fact that Israel won’t return to its 1967 borders. The real reason for the terror is that Islamic fundamentalists cannot accept a non-Moslem state in territory they fantacize belongs to them.
• After 1967, Arabs attacked again in 1973 and were again beaten back. Over the past 20 years terrorist groups have launched several campaigns against Israel, and have had to be beaten back by attacking where they live. Like the cowards of Hizbollah, they hide behind their own children and their neighbors’ children in order to make it appear that it is the Israelis who are committing crimes. However, if you think about it, there is no other possible response to terrorists who hide among civilians (negotiating with terrorists just guarantees that the more vicious and irresponsible a group behaves, the more power it has to influence events). It is the responsibility of those around them to round them up and control them. If not, one should never blame the victim of terror for fighting back in the only way victims of this “asymmetric warfare” can.

So instead of crying about “Zionist crimes,” I strongly recommend that our Iranian friends look into the crimes of the Islamists among them and the Islamists that Iran sponsors.

Question: Why won’t Israel compromise?

Answer: I never did find out what sort of compromise this questioner had in mind, but the answer is that of course Israel will compromise. In the year 2000, Israel offered to give back 98% of what the Arabs had lost in 1967. However, the compromise should take into account the three generations of hostility that has come from Israel’s neighbors, and the fact that Israel has been victorious in all these actions. The proper comparison is what happened after World Wars I and II (or any other major war, I would imagine). The victor gets to determine the compromise. Look at what happened to Germany. They shrunk after WW-I and again after WW-II. But what remains is a prosperous, proud country. Look what happened to Japan after WW-II. They lost territory too, but came to be a dominant economic power.

I cannot speak for Israel, but I strongly believe that if the Arabs would offer a settlement that gave Israel a little extra land in compensation for the repeated aggressions of Arabs, and if the Islamic community would sincerely agree to drop the idea that there is something wrong with a democratic, non-Moslem state in the Middle East, then I think the rewards would actually flow to the Arab neighbors. Germany and Japan are excellent examples of what could happen. But while Germany and Japan had their own technology base on which to build after WW-II, in the case of Israel and its neighbors, the Israeli technology base would prove an added benefit to the Arabs. One of the great shames of Islamic fundamentalism is that it neglects to develop a technologically capable population. In the modern world, the benefits of “keeping up” are enormous. Israel could help its neighbors catch up with all the third-world countries that are now beginning to grow modern economies. But the choice is with the Moslem world: continue to wallow in self-pity, while patting yourselves on the back for your “piety,” or realize that the world today is not the world of Mohammed, and you need to throw off the yoke of religious extremism and get to work.

Question: Do I think Iran is trying to develop nuclear weapons?

Answer: Of course. The proof is that oil-fired power plants are much safer than nuclear plants, as we saw at Chernobl, just to mention the most devastating case. Iran has plenty of oil and does not need to take the risk of developing nuclear power plants.

Iran’s drive for nuclear weapons puts into clear focus the foolishness of the mullahs who rule the country. When the Shah was calling the shots, he spent oil money to send Iran’s best and brightest to the US for a technical education. As soon as the mullahs took over, that all stopped, and Iran has done nothing to build a modern technology-based economy the way so many countries have done with a boost from US education. Unlike many of these countries, which are not blessed with copious oil revenue by the way, Iran has spent its money on incredibly stupid projects. Every Iranian must realize that should they ever build and use a nuclear weapon, the country would be obliterated in the next hour. So nuclear weapons will not enable you to be taken seriously on the world stage; only a strong technology base and an inventive people who contribute solutions to the great problems of the day can do that.

Perhaps worse, what money you are not spending on nuclear-weapons development is being spent equally unwisely. Recall the Chinese proverb about “give a man a fish and he’ll eat for a day; teach him to fish and he’ll eat for a lifetime.” What you are doing is definitely giving out fish. As mentioned above, you are failing to invest in the best available education for your brightest citizens. Worse, look at how you spend your money in Lebanon, and to an extent Gaza, Judea, and Samaria. You hand out charity to let Islamic fundamentalist parties gain supporters, but you never do anything to educate these people or help make them self-sufficient. You give them expensive missles to commit murder. Then, when their nonsense backfires (and even Nasrallah has admitted he made a big mistake), you throw more money at them to clean up the destruction, all the time claiming it is Israel’s fault for defending itself. No; it is your fault for choosing to start trouble with the very money that could have meant a better life for the poor of Iran or — should you choose to donate some of the money — poor people in places like Lebanon.

===================================https://www.acm.org/response-to-letter

Response to the Open Letter from CSForInclusion to the Committee of the ACM A.M. Turing Award and ACM

ACM promotes the exchange of ideas and freedom of thought and expression as central to the aims and goals of ACM. Achieving these goals requires an environment that recognizes the inherent worth of every person and every group. ACM’s commitment to diversity and inclusion is explicit in ACM’s Core Values statement, in the efforts of the ACM Diversity and Inclusion Council, and in the ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.

Even with the best of intentions, however, the processes in place may not always guarantee we explicitly consider these goals in every step or action ACM takes. When we become aware of the need to improve processes, we do it. The Statement on the Selection of Jeffrey Ullman for a Turing Award affords such an opportunity by raising two important issues for ACM regarding our commitment to core values and ethical and professional behavior in the ACM awards program. We address these issues below.

1. Report on the specifics surrounding this nomination, especially the extent of checks and balances that are in place to ensure that the process of awarding the highest distinction in computing is protected against violations of the ACM mission and its core values.
   
   Response: ACM, the ACM Awards Committee Co-Chairs, and the ACM Turing committee members first became aware of the statements of Jeffrey Ullman when the social media discussion began after the 2020 A. M. Turing Award was announced. As part of the Awards process, ACM routinely checks whether we have received any complaints about award nominees with respect to ACM’s Code of Ethics or other policies. In this case, we determined that no complaints had ever been filed against Jeffrey Ullman. ACM also relied on the submitted nomination package and carefully evaluated the letters provided by the nominator and the endorsers to assess the candidate’s worthiness for an award. No red flags were raised in the nomination package.
2. Clarity from ACM on establishing compliance with its core values, particularly on D & I standards, as an explicit criterion for receiving this award. If not, transparently state that behaviors that directly damage inclusivity and diversity in the computing field are not relevant in the criteria listed by ACM for this award.
   
   Response: The Selection Criteria  for the A.M. Turing Award emphasize technical achievement and lasting impact. ACM has already begun to design a process that explicitly takes ACM values into account in all award decisions. We will continue to check into the professional background of award nominees. Recognizing that ACM might not have access to all such information, we will enhance the nomination form beginning with the next ACM awards cycle later this year. Award Nominators and Endorsers will be required to indicate whether they know of any ACM Code of Ethics violations or behavior inconsistent with ACM values, and any positive responses will initiate further examination of the suitability of the candidate for the award. We will publish full details about this process for ACM awards before the next award cycle begins.

====================================================https://web.archive.org/web/20200208113853/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/niac2.html

	AUGFEBMAR08201820202021
27 captures9 Jan 2011 – 8 Feb 2020

 About this captureIf you are reading my pages with an eye to engaging in the NIAC vendetta, please be advised that I will not read your email, but I will archive it in case I decide later that I need to take legal action or turn the matter over to the police.

Also, please read the document carefully, and do not take Mr. Hojabri’s bizarre interpretation seriously. In particular, I have been accused of “racism” on the basis of my document, which is an absurd conclusion. Rather, as my email mentioned by Hojabri stated, I would (hypothetically) elect not to help a student from Iran gain admission to Stanford ahead of more qualified students, were such a thing possible (which it is not). It is my choice, after all, and my reasons are purely political. I suspect that many NIAC members boycott Israeli products, regardless of whether the manufacturer supports the present Israeli government (and they act in the real world, not my hypothetical world). Are they guilty of racism?

To make Mr. Hojabri’s misreading of my article even more ridiculous, the end of the second paragraph clearly states my admiration for Iranian students I have known at Stanford. Stanford policy, as well as my own ethics, dictates that all Stanford students in my classes or who come in contact with me in any way are treated in a uniform matter. In fact, when I grade my class, I do so from a spreadsheet that omits names, leaving only scores. That protects me from inadvertently downgrading a student for any reason (e.g., they’ve been obnoxious in class), not just their race, gender, or ethnicity.=============================================
https://web.archive.org/web/20200213142924/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/niac.html

	AUGFEBOCT13201820202021
29 captures17 Jan 2011 – 7 Oct 2020

 About this captureThere is apparently a group on Facebook, the redundantly named “National Iranian-American Council” (NIAC), that has started a vendetta against me. I’m not on Facebook, so I can’t see for certain, but here’s an excerpt from my Wikipedia page as of 5:39PM Tuesday the 5th of January, 2011. There is apparently one of these little wars in cyberspace going on, where part of NIAC’s game is to edit in ridiculous accusations about what I said or believe, so if you view the page, you might get something entirely different. The following was apparently written by a member of a group that endeavors to monitor the activities of NIAC, and I appreciate their support.

In 2011, Ullman has come under fire for making allegedly discriminatory, anti-Iranian remarks through email correspondence and web postings, as was the opinion of the bullying group NIAC (National Iranian American Council).

In one email to an Iranian graduate student, the professor responded to an inquiry about admission to his department saying, “Even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people.” The professor went on to write, “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the US, they have to respect the values we hold in the US.” (See http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html)

The professor’s courageous public Stanford website includes a page entitled “Answers to All Questions Iranian,” in which he expresses his political views on questions such as why the US shot down an Iranian airliner in the 1988 or why the CIA deposed Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh in 1953. The page, written as a series of questions from Iranians with answers from the professor that he receives repeatedly via email, also includes the question, “Can I get into Stanford?” with the honest response, “Probably not. At least I can’t help you. Admissions for undergraduates are not handled by faculty at Stanford or any US school. For graduate work, a committee of faculty and students selects admittees. The process is honest and fair; no faculty member can or would influence the process.”

Iranian Americans, notably Dr. Fredun Hojabri, the former Professor and Academic-Vice Chancellor of Sharif university of Technology, have raised the situation with Stanford in public without discussing this with Ullman first in a bullying campaign. NIAC condemned the allegedly “racially discriminatory and inflammatory public communications” in a letter to Stanford’s president in public. The National Iranian American Council called for Stanford, which is home to a large population of Iranian and Iranian-American students, to clarify the university’s position regarding the remarks and to take disciplinary measures, without first talking to Ullman.

Apparently much of the fuss has centered around the possibility that I was, in the quoted email about “If Iranians want the benefits…,” speaking for Stanford. It is an absurd conclusion, given that I also comment on “all US institutions,” and surely no one believes I speak for the entire academic community. However, I probably should have prefixed the comment with “in my opinion.” Emails are written quickly, and it is incredibly silly for the NIAC people to react this way without even asking what I meant.

==========================================
https://web.archive.org/web/20061030075847/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/fundamentalism.html

	SEPOCTDEC30200520062008
83 captures30 Oct 2006 – 13 Apr 2021

 About this capture

Some Thoughts on the Bombings of Sept. 11

Jeffrey D. Ullman — 10/30/01; later additions

Like everyone, I’ve been quite affected by the attacks apparently perpetrated by fundamentalists on 9/11/01. I’d like to set down a few thoughts, none of which are remarkable or original, but I’ll feel better putting them in print. Feel free to email me with your own point of view on the various subjects covered below. However, be warned that I reserve the right to make your email available on the Web, link to it, and comment upon it.

1. Fundamentalism

Just prior to the millenium, I was polled by a magazine about a number of questions I really couldn’t answer, like what will the world be like in 1000 years? The one question to which I felt I could respond was “What is the greatest danger in the world today?” My answer: Fundamentalism.

Fundamentalism is a belief that the world is not complex, but really simple if you follow the simplistic ideas of the group at hand. Many religions foster a fundamentalist offshoot; it’s not an Islamic thing. In fact, it’s not always a religious thing, and we see fundamentalism in various guises. It is always characterized, as the name implies, by a set of assumptions that are not open to debate and that trump all other concerns. The most insidious of these assumptions is that there is a supreme being who believes and wishes exactly what the fundamentalist group in question believes. You can’t argue with them, you can’t reason with them, and if you disagree with them, they have a “big brother” who will beat you up.

Right now, the Islamic fundamentalists have center stage. But we should never forget that there are other fundamentalist groups out there, such as the Christian fundamentalists in the US or the ultra-orthodox Jewish fundamentalists. And while they differ on their fundamental, nonnegotiable views of the world, they each claim a right to impose their simplistic view on the general population, without the normal constraints, such as respect for life, that apply to people without an imagined mandate from some god. Notice that the anti-abortion fundamentalists share with the perpetrators of the bombings of Sept. 11 a willingness to kill and to bomb, e.g., abortion clinics. Yes, I know that in each case, it is only a small minority of the adherents who kill. But in each case the fundamental assumptions, and the assumed undeniability of those assumptions, are used to justify murder.

In fact, the second most disgusting story of the week of Sept. 11 was Jerry Falwell announcing that the bombings were really a punishment from his god for our tolerance of people or positions he disagrees with, such as feminism or homosexuality. Nice going, Jerry. Thanks for reminding us that the healthy feeling of unity and solidarity among all kinds of Americans doesn’t apply to people who don’t meet your Procrustean standard of permissible behavior.

Even those fundamentalists who do not consider murder an appropriate method of carrying out their god’s wishes commit a crime of a more subtle nature. They limit the options their children have to create their own lives and to choose their own futures. (Thanks to my wife Holly for pointing out what should have been obvious to me.) The Taliban makes sure that women receive no useful education; so do the Jewish ultra-orthodox. Christian fundamentalists are big on “home-schooling,” to make sure their children are not exposed to ideas with which they disagree. To be honest, I am uncertain how one goes about assuring that children have opportunities. There are great dangers in having a state decide the set of ideas to which children need to be exposed. However, I also believe that the only long-term solution to the scourge of fundamentalism is broad educational opportunities and exposure of all children everywhere to the mix of possible ways to view a complex world.

Added 8/2/04: It’s been almost 3 years, and our President has evidently not yet seen the contradiction of fighting Islamic fundamentalism on one hand and leaping into bed with Christian fundamentalists on the other. In addition to muddling the war on terrorism, he has continued to support the Christian-fundamentalist agenda against abortion, gay marriage, and most ludicrously against stem-cell research. His lack of thought and reasoning points up another common property of fundamentalisms: they are frequently based on an interpretation of ancient text written by someone who could not possibly understand modern issues. Moreover, this interpretation is often the work of a modern “thinker” with an ax to grind. Ask yourself realistically: what would Moses have thought of stem-cell research? Did Jesus think that cold callers could enter the kingdom of heaven? What part of a spammer’s anatomy would Mohammed have advised cutting off? The answer, of course, is that none of these guys had any clue about these or other issues that have surfaced since they wrote. Unfortunately, we have in the United States today a leadership that fantacizes answers to these questions based on the writings of people who had no clue about the questions, let alone the answers.

2. Recommended Reading

A few weeks ago, we were cleaning house and a book called Big Trouble by Dave Barry surfaced. Barry’s books are very funny, so I read it. As soon as I finished, I learned that it was about to be released as a movie. But it’s never going to play in theaters, at least not for quite a while. However, I recommend the book highly, even if it does include episodes such as bad guys taking a nuclear weapon through an airport security check by waiting while all the guards converge on a businessman carrying a laptop.

Added 4/12/02: The movie has reemerged, although I have not seen it. I’m willing to bet that they redid it to soft-peddle Barry’s satire of the foolish security guards that concentrate on people that are obviously not the problem.

3. The Palestinians

Will the Palestinians finally forsake terror as a political approach and start building both better lives for themselves and a better relationship with their Israeli neighbors? We should not forget that Israel, a country with about 1.5% of the US population, suffers due to terrorist attacks a proportional World-Trade-Center bombing every 3 months. Somehow the world largely failed to notice or care, or equated random acts against civilians with carefully targeted military action. Suddenly the world comprehends that the Israeli approach to fighting terror is not a defect of character but is the only possible response other than surrender.

Let’s remember that the last attempt to build a peace fell apart when, after being given essentially everything they want short of the dismantling of the Jewish state, the Palestinian side suddenly demanded that millions of their number be allowed to live in Israel itself. A few historical facts and comparisons:

• The Palestinian refugees fled Israel in 1948 as the result of a war imposed on Israel by six or seven Arab neighbors, with 150 times the population. The Arabs at that time not only failed to drive the Jews out, but they lost ground, and the “refugees” voluntarily fled from the ground they lost. Arabs have chosen to keep these people in camps as a festering sore.
• At the same time, a roughly equal number of Jews fled from Arab lands to Israel. In contrast, these refugees were welcomed and integrated into the new state. No Arab state has offered any compensation for the property they lost.
• Additional territory was lost in 1967, when Egypt blockaded the Israeli port of Eilat and Syria bombarded Israel from the Golan Heights, leading to an Israeli response that put an end to both these aggressions.
• Compare the situation when India and Pakistan were divided. There, 40,000,000 people moved across the border to the side they preferred. All were accommodated on “their” side and not used as hostages by their own people to support territorial claims on the other side.
• Added 5/11/02: Another interesting comparison is with what happened between Greece and Turkey in 1922. The Greeks suddenly had to resettle 1.5 million people, and did so without using them as hostages for political gain. An old friend has written an Account of the Events as told to him by his Mother, who was one of those relocated. Added 4/2/05: I received an email from Okan Kolak, a student at U. Maryland, who points out that there were also half a million refugees from Greek lands who suddenly had to resettle in Turkey. It was never my intent to suggest that the problem was one-sided. My informant tells me that the Turkish refugees were also “assimilated into the general population over time.” Again, there was no notion of “right of return,” a concept that seems unique to the Palestinians, among all historially known resettlements of refugees.
• Added 9/16/02: I was reading The Middle East by Bernard Lewis (Simon and Schuster, 1995), and he tells what happened in the early days of the Islamic Jihad. The conquering Arabs took the land all over the Middle East from its rightful owners. They also took the women, and largely bred out of existence the indigenous populations. This is the land that Palestinians now protest so vehemently belongs to them, rather than the people their ancestors took it from.
• Mr. bin Laden and other pro-Arab polemicists would have you believe that the land of Israel is really “Islamic territory” stolen by the Jews. The fact is that in the mid 19th century, the land was essentially unpopulated desert. Of the people living there, a substantial portion were Jews, as had been the case throughout recorded history with a few brief periods when Jews were evicted by the Babylonians, and then the Romans. In mid 19th century, European Jews, bringing the best agricultural technology of the day bought land from its rightful owners, and proceeded to reforest the land and to create agricultural settlements. These developments brought an influx of Moslems into the land, especially after the famine of 1905. It is mostly the descendants of these immigrants who are portrayed by the anti-Israel forces as the “original inhabitants of the land.” It ain’t so.

So here’s what I hope could happen:

1. Mr. Arafat gets serious about controlling the criminals in his own country, and prevents them from attacking another. He rearrests the known terrorists whom he let out of jail to further his chosen brand of “warfare.”
2. He accepts the consequences of two generations of mismanagement of the refugees and of the Arab relationship with Israel, and does not expect more than other states have gotten in similar circumstances.
3. The quarter of a billion dollars under the control of Mr. bin Laden is identified and turned over to the Palestinians, to start building a new life for these unfortunates. Build a few chip plants. Or how about a few universities that compare to the Israeli schools, to create a population that sustains a prosperous country? And how about big contributions from the Saudis and other oil kingdoms, and from all the Arab countries that allowed the Palestinians to fester in their “refugee camps,” both before and after they fell under Israeli control?

4. Avoid a Two-Front War

I predict that the “war on drugs” is going to get in the way of the war on terrorism. For a simple example, the first time I traveled to Israel, I was surprised when check-in included a search of my bags. It was explained that they were not looking for drugs or import violations, and even if they found such, they would not report it or make note of it. They did, however, demand to search for the sole purposes of security.

For another example: poppies are a principal crop of Afghanistan. If we want the friendship of the typical Afghani — and I hope our leaders realize that we can’t possibly win the war without winning friends — we can’t also try to eradicate a major source of their wealth. We can deal with the problem at the consumption end if we must, but let’s not get confused where our real interests lie. Aside Re Drugs. Added 4/12/02: Well the war in Afghanistan turned out better than I would have expected. The city folks, at least, seemed genuinely happy to be rid of the fundamentalist regime. But wouldn’t you know it — with all the other problems the Karzai government is facing, they have to start arresting the poppy farmers. I suspect US pressure is behind it; Hamid Karzai comes across as a pretty sensible guy. I have an idea. Leave the Afghani farmers alone, let them earn a little hard currency, and start arresting tobacco farmers in North Carolina instead. They sell a substance that is far more deadly, and they export their trouble around the world. (Thanks to Stu Reges for making me see the contradiction between how we treat the tobacco industry and the “drug” industry.)

The new issue is with the obvious need for integrating information sources of all kinds, such as credit-card and bank transactions, phone calls, enrollments in flight schools, purchases of crop-dusting equipment and a million things I can’t think of that, in the hands of a skilled analyst, could pinpoint a terror plot. However, in order to justify this step as a war measure, we need to make sure it is never used to track drug dealers, or develop evidence of infidelity, embezzlement, or any other crime that is not an act of war against this or another country. Apparently the Israelis have managed to keep the two separate, and we can too, if we have the will to do so. Added 5/14/02: It’s as bad as I feared. Dionne Warwick was busted at a security checkpoint for carrying marijuana in a lipstick case (note to self: find out why her “psychic-friends” network didn’t warn her). And a guy carrying grass was caught and claimed (falsely) that he had a knife. So what do our defenders of public safety and morality do? They shut down the terminal for three hours and rescreened everyone. “Procedures,” apparently.

Modern technology has given criminals and terrorists many new and deadly options. Just about the only defensive weapon to come out of the developments of the past 50 years is information technology: our ability to learn electronically what evils are being planned. If we use it wisely, we can keep our personal freedom, yet use information effectively against its enemies.

5. Battle of the Nephews

Added 4/12/02: I heard the following story after writing the original article. It’s hard to know what to make of it, but it is sufficiently weird I think it’s worth telling.

I have a nephew who went to a toney eastern college. He somehow got in with a bad crowd — conservatives who are as foolish for trying to steal our freedom to act as the liberal “political correctness” gang is for trying to control what we are permitted to say or think. Anyway, my Nephew wrote an article for the campus conservative magazine several years ago, advocating the profiling of Arab men at airport security checks.

This article caused a great hue and cry on campus. So great was the righteous indignation that the campus administrators did the only thing a politically correct campus administration could do: they closed down the conservative magazine.

Now here’s the funny part. Who was the leader of the voices raised against my Nephew’s improper thought? Ans.: One of the many nephews of Osama bin Laden.

6. Definition of Terrorism

Added 4/13/02: I received a number of emails arguing that US bombing in Afghanistan, which had the unfortunate effect of sometimes accidentally hitting civilians, or what Israel does to root out terrorists in the Palestinian territories, again sometimes killing civilians among which the terrorists hide, were themselves forms of terrorism. Nope; it ain’t, but the difference is remarkably subtle. Here’s my theory why the killers of 9/11, or the Palestinian suicide/homicide bombers, are different.

First, while it is far from obvious, organized (i.e., nonterrorist) warfare has a peculiar benefit. While our attention gets fixed on the times when nations go to war and on all the stupid devastation that results, we don’t notice the times that the “warfare process” causes a resolution of disputes without bloodshed. That is, there must be far more times when diplomats looked at what the capabilities of the other side were and decided not to go to war, but to resolve the question in the favor of the side that would have won anyway. Curiously, “lesser” species seem to have a better grasp of this idea than we do. It is quite normal for, say, two moose to resolve a dispute by batting horns, and the loser winds up with a headache, instead of dead, as they would if the combat continued to its natural conclusion.

Humans do a certain amount of this demonstrating as well. The USSR was fond of parading its missiles through Moscow, not because everyone loves a parade, but because it reminded other nations of the outcome of attack. The tragedies come when one side does not see the logical outcome of war, which is why making capabilities clear saves lives.

The great flaw of terrorism is that by its nature there can be no posturing, no demonstration of capabilities, no opportunity for two states to consider who could perform the most violent terrorist acts against the other. For example, you may have many suicide/homicide bombers already brainwashed and ready for action. But you can’t parade them through Ramallah. Anybody could dress up carrying real explosives around their waist pretending to be willing to carry out an act of terrorism, but you wouldn’t believe they represented a threat until the threat was carried out.

Thus, while conventional warfare gives the sides an option of reasoning out what the result of war would be, terrorism leaves the combatants with only one option: go at it until one is wiped out. Notice what happened in Israel when the Palestinians demonstrated their misunderstanding of this point. They caused the deaths of many innocent victims, and at the present time they are learning what the only outcome can be: tit-for-tat killings. I wish the Palestinian leaders had been able to think clearly about the inevitable outcome of their choice, and taken the very generous deal that Barak offered them almost two years ago. But I can only grieve for the innocents who never had the opportunity to tell Mr. Arafat not to kill in their name, and who became the victims of the inevitable reprisals caused by terrorism.

7. Report on a Year’s Worth of Comments

Added 9/16/02: I received a number of emails from people who read this article during the first year. Not surprisingly, they were, as far as I can tell, all from Computer Scientists, since no one else would have found it. (Google still lists no links to this document other than from my home page.) The responses generally fell into three categories:

1. All fundamentalists except my kind of fundamentalist are wrong, so you should change your article to exempt my group.
2. You are a Zionist pig, and how dare you say all those nasty things about Yasser Arafat et al.
3. How dare you criticize anti-abortionists.

The first group were typically Jewish ultra-orthodox. For example, one said of my comments that fundamentalists share a common disrespect for the lives of those who disagree with them: “you can’t find any quote or action of any ultra-orthodox person ever suggesting that anybody’s life should be taken in different circumstances than (sic.) the circumstances in which secular individuals would generally justify it.” Well it is true that the Islamic fundamentalists are in a class by themselves in this matter, but I recall living in Jerusalem in 1984, when the ultra-orthodox were throwing rocks through the windshields of cars that drove on the sabbath. They didn’t appear to concern themselves whether they caused an accident that killed the driver, or perhaps some innocent child.

In the second category, the following remark, edited only to correct grammar and spelling, stands out for its subtlety: “if any one believes in what you said, I will call him the most arrogant idiot ignorant Zionist extremist, and racist I have ever seen.” The gentleman was at least polite enough to allow me the “out” of admitting that I didn’t really mean anything I said in this article. This same fellow admonished me to (again, grammar and spelling edited) “Stop using your university resources to impose your political opinions because it is against the constitution to do so.” Apparently this fellow was in the US for some time and was teaching a course at a university, but a few basic concepts of how a democracy works had eluded him.

My favorite of the third category was a fellow who tried to resurrect the old argument that I think was due to Pascal (who when he wasn’t busy inventing programming languages, tried to prove the existence of God). It says basically, that if you follow what he perceives as God’s law — in this case, outlawing abortion — then your downside is limited: a few women have to deal with children they don’t want (his view, not mine). But if you flout God’s law, then the risk is infinite. In Pascal’s terms it was eternal damnation, while in the terms of my correspondent, it was the loss of millions of the souls of fetuses. The fallacy in this sort of argument is that it can apply to absolutely any idea. If God turns out to be a giant chicken, then I would impair my immortal soul to eat at KFC. Are you willing to risk it? As always, its people with these unalterable and undebatable ideas that want you to consider their theology as special and unique.

And curiously, no one was willing to put their arguments in a document that I could link to, although several wanted me to add their thoughts to my own document, which I ain’t gonna do.

==================================================

https://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/~dolev/scharf.html

October 2006

Prof. Jeffrey and Holly Ullman,
decided to support our Computer Science Department

Professor Jeffrey (Stanford University, CA) and Holly Ullman,
in consultation with Professor Shlomi Dolev (BGU),
recently established the Martha and Solomon Scharf Prize
for Developing Excellence in Computer, Communications and
Information Sciences, supporting excellent students.
In addition they will support research activity in the computer science disciplines.