Associates of the Iranian Regime Target Prof. Jeffrey Ullman the 2020 Turing Award Winner for his Pro-Israel Views

08.06.21

Editorial Note

Jeffrey David Ullman, an emeritus professor at Stanford University, the co-recipient of the 2020 Turing Award, has been harassed by Iranian activists for holding pro-Israel views.

The A.M. Turing Award by the Association of Computer Machinery (ACM) is the equivalent of the “Nobel Prize” of computing. It recognizes the profound impact on computer science and awards a $1 million prize annually. For the year 2020, ACM awarded Stanford University’s Jeffrey David Ullman, shared with his long-time collaborator Alfred Vaino Aho of Columbia University.  The award recognizes their seminal work in compilers and algorithms for their nine co-authored textbooks dating back to the early 1970s, including 1974 The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms, and 1977 Principles of Compiler Design. These books became required reading for millions of computer scientists, and the catalog of standard techniques “divide and conquer” became the core of computer science theory. ACM has announced the selection of Ullman and Aho in late March.

Ullman, who is supportive of Israel and Zionism, has been harassed for his views during two dacades.  In October 2001, Ullman published on his webpage polemics section “Some Thoughts on the Bombings of Sept. 11.”  He stated that Islamic fundamentalists had used spectacular terror to confront the West. In 2002 he urged the Palestinians to forsake terror and “build better lives for themselves and a better relationship with their Israeli neighbors.” He noted that Israel, a country with about 1.5% of the US population, then suffered from severe terrorist attacks every 3 months; “Somehow the world largely failed to notice or care.” 

Following these and other postings, Ullman started receiving many malicious emails.  One comment stated: “if any one believes in what you said, I will call him the most arrogant idiot ignorant Zionist extremist, and racist I have ever seen.” Another declared: “You are a Zionist pig, and how dare you say all those nasty things about Yasser Arafat et al.”

Ullman has been targeted by Iranian students who sent him emails requesting his help in admission to Stanford University, some asking him political questions such as, “Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner/take land from Native Americans/Depose Mossadegh, etc. etc.?”, or “How do I justify ‘Zionist crimes’, etc.?”

In 2011, the President of Stanford University was asked to censure Ullman for “racially discriminatory and inflammatory” comments because Ullman responded to an email from a student at Sharif University in Tehran who asked him about admission to Stanford University, that he could not help the student gain admission since he has no involvement in the admissions process. Ullman also wrote that “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the U.S., they have to respect the values we hold in the U.S., including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.” As a result, he was accused of “bigotry and xenophobia.”

Not coincidently, Ullman has a long connection to Israel. He wrote that he lived in Jerusalem in 1984. Also, he has been working with Israeli universities for many years. In 2006, the Chair in Computer Sciences at Ben Gurion University 

announced on his webpage that “Professor Jeffrey (Stanford University, CA) and Holly Ullman, in consultation with Professor Shlomi Dolev (BGU), recently established the Martha and Solomon Scharf Prize for Developing Excellence in Computer, Communications and Information Sciences, supporting excellent students. In addition, they will support research activity in the computer science disciplines.”

Likewise, The Hebrew University Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering reported that “Prof. Ullman is also a generous benefactor to our department, and his help is instrumental in providing student stipends, and supporting the Data and Computing Center.”

In 2016, the Ben Gurion University Board of Governors awarded Ullman an Honorary Doctorate for his achievements and held a seminar in honor of Ullman.

Ullman has also been fighting against anti-Semitism. Last month he signed a petition, “Opposing Antisemitism, Supporting IHRA,” organized by the Institute for the Study of Global Antisemitism and Policy (ISGAP), which recently circulated a letter supporting the Working Definition of Antisemitism from the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA). The letter garnered more than 300 signatures from leading scholars, intellectuals, and professionals.  

His Iranian detractors went into high gear after the ACM made the 2020 Turing Award public.  A recent petition organized by Iranians was published online, collecting international signatures, accusing “Ullman’s Repeated Discrimination against Iranian Students,” and charging that Ullman’s webpage “contains discriminatory and inflammatory statements regarding Iranians.” 

ACM has read the complaint and responded that it will not change the selection: “As part of the Awards process, ACM routinely checks whether we have received any complaints about award nominees with respect to ACM’s Code of Ethics or other policies. In this case, we determined that no complaints had ever been filed against Jeffrey Ullman. ACM also relied on the submitted nomination package and carefully evaluated the letters provided by the nominator and the endorsers to assess the candidate’s worthiness for an award. No red flags were raised in the nomination package.”

Not satisfied with ACM response, a recent article by Mahdi Cheraghchi, an Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan Ann Arbor, published on the pages of Stanford Daily, accused Ullman of “rants of hate and bigotry against Iranians.” He requested the ACM, to “ensure that a clear precedent is set today by ACM that would not give a free pass to any future abusers of academic freedom,” and that “ACM needs to do better and bring back trust and hope to the community.”

Much of the agitation against Ullman was organized by the National Iranian American Council (NIAC), known as a front for the Iranian regime’s propaganda work in America.  Dr. Fredun Hojabri, the former vice-chancellor of the Sharif University of Technology in Iran, wrote Stanford University in 2011 to complain about Ullman.  For decades now, Sharif University has carried many projects for the Revolutionary Guards, including its nuclear weapons program. 

The Iranian involvement in anti-Israel activity on American campuses is worrying.  With its long-lasting support of Palestinian causes, the regime sends people to harass those who support the Jewish state. 

References:

https://awards.acm.org/about/2020-turing

ACM Turing Award Honors Innovators Who Shaped the Foundations of Programming Language Compilers and Algorithms

Columbia’s Aho and Stanford’s Ullman Developed Tools and Fundamental Textbooks Used by Millions of Software Programmers around the World

ACM named Alfred Vaino Aho and Jeffrey David Ullman recipients of the 2020 ACM A.M. Turing Award for fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and those of others in their highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists. Aho is the Lawrence Gussman Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Columbia University. Ullman is the Stanford W. Ascherman Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford University.

Computer software powers almost every piece of technology with which we interact. Virtually every program running our world—from those on our phones or in our cars to programs running on giant server farms inside big web companies—is written by humans in a higher-level programming language and then compiled into lower-level code for execution. Much of the technology for doing this translation for modern programming languages owes its beginnings to Aho and Ullman.

Beginning with their collaboration at Bell Labs in 1967 and continuing for several decades, Aho and Ullman have shaped the foundations of programming language theory and implementation, as well as algorithm design and analysis. They made broad and fundamental contributions to the field of programming language compilers through their technical contributions and influential textbooks. Their early joint work in algorithm design and analysis techniques contributed crucial approaches to the theoretical core of computer science that emerged during this period.

“The practice of computer programming and the development of increasingly advanced software systems underpin almost all of the technological transformations we have experienced in society over the last five decades,” explains ACM President Gabriele Kotsis. “While countless researchers and practitioners have contributed to these technologies, the work of Aho and Ullman has been especially influential. They have helped us to understand the theoretical foundations of algorithms and to chart the course for research and practice in compilers and programming language design. Aho and Ullman have been thought leaders since the early 1970s, and their work has guided generations of programmers and researchers up to the present day.”

“Aho and Ullman established bedrock ideas about algorithms, formal languages, compilers and databases, which were instrumental in the development of today’s programming and software landscape,” added Jeff Dean, Google Senior Fellow and SVP, Google AI. “They have also illustrated how these various disciplines are closely interconnected. Aho and Ullman introduced key technical concepts, including specific algorithms, that have been essential. In terms of computer science education, their textbooks have been the gold standard for training students, researchers, and practitioners.”

A Longstanding Collaboration

Aho and Ullman both earned their PhD degrees at Princeton University before joining Bell Labs, where they worked together from 1967 to 1969. During their time at Bell Labs, their early efforts included developing efficient algorithms for analyzing and translating programming languages.

In 1969, Ullman began a career in academia, ultimately joining the faculty at Stanford University, while Aho remained at Bell Labs for 30 years before joining the faculty at Columbia University. Despite working at different institutions, Aho and Ullman continued their collaboration for several decades, during which they co-authored books and papers and introduced novel techniques for algorithms, programming languages, compilers and software systems.

Influential Textbooks

Aho and Ullman co-authored nine influential books (including first and subsequent editions). Two of their most widely celebrated books include:

The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms (1974)
Co-authored by Aho, Ullman, and John Hopcroft, this book is considered a classic in the field and was one of the most cited books in computer science research for more than a decade. It became the standard textbook for algorithms courses throughout the world when computer science was still an emerging field. In addition to incorporating their own research contributions to algorithms, The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms introduced the random access machine (RAM) as the basic model for analyzing the time and space complexity of computer algorithms using recurrence relations. The RAM model also codified disparate individual algorithms into general design methods. The RAM model and general algorithm design techniques introduced in this book now form an integral part of the standard computer science curriculum.

Principles of Compiler Design (1977)
Co-authored by Aho and Ullman, this definitive book on compiler technology integrated formal language theory and syntax-directed translation techniques into the compiler design process. Often called the “Dragon Book” because of its cover design, it lucidly lays out the phases in translating a high-level programming language to machine code, modularizing the entire enterprise of compiler construction. It includes algorithmic contributions that the authors made to efficient techniques for lexical analysis, syntax analysis techniques, and code generation. The current edition of this book, Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools (co-authored with Ravi Sethi and Monica Lam), was published in 2007 and remains the standard textbook on compiler design.

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https://csforinclusion.wordpress.com

Statement on the Selection of Jeffrey Ullman for a Turing Award

Update: A copy of this letter listing 1,079 signatories (and 89 anonymous) was sent to the ACM administration on April 16, 2021, and ACM has acknowledged receipt. On April 19, 2021, ACM published a response to this letter.
We continue to accept new signatures.

An Open Letter to Committee of the ACM A.M. Turing Award and ACM:

Professor Jeffrey D. Ullman of Stanford University has been chosen to receive the 2020 ACM A. M. Turing Award, generally regarded as the highest distinction in computing.

While we agree that the technical and educational contributions of Professor Ullman could meet the bar for a “Nobel Prize of Computing”, we condemn the selection as one that directly goes against the Diversity and Inclusion (D & I) values that the Computer Science community, and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) in particular, aim to uphold. While we recognize Professor Ullman’s freedom of speech and freedom to hold and express his political views, we are concerned by his sustained discriminatory behavior against students and by ACM bestowing upon such a person an award named after Alan Turing, someone who suffered much discrimination in his tragic life [1].

ACM defines its mission as follows: “ACM is a global scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing the art, science, engineering, and application of computing, serving both professional and public interests by fostering the open exchange of information and by promoting the highest professional and ethical standards.” Furthermore, ACM explicitly defines “Diversity and Inclusion” as one of its four core values [2].

We assert, based on documented evidence, that not only has Professor Ullman willfully violated the “highest professional and ethical standards” that ACM has the mission to uphold, but also that he has demonstrated a pattern of actively turning against the values of D & I for decades. History may judge this award as an indelible blot on the entire computing profession.

Ullman’s Repeated Discrimination against Iranian Students

Among the existing evidence is a web page maintained by Professor Ullman that contains discriminatory and inflammatory statements regarding Iranians [3]. According to the data on the Internet Archive [4], he maintained this web page from as early as 2006 until late 2020, when he removed it following years of public outcry and pushback [5]. In 2011, the National Iranian American Council issued a formal complaint to Stanford University centered on his webpage [6–12], with no action taken by Stanford, according to The Chronicle of Higher Education [9], and seemingly no impact on Professor Ullman’s views or behavior.

There are indeed numerous documented instances of him corresponding, over the years, many to aspiring young Iranian students, with anti-Iranian sentiments as well as explicit discrimination based on presumptions on their political views [3,6–12,13]. In one instance, among countless others, Professor Ullman responded to an email from an Iranian student who had inquired about admission at Stanford saying [6–12]: “And even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people. I know that you may not hold the same insane position as the mullahs that run your country, but it is a matter of principle. If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the US, they have to respect the values we hold in the US, including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.”

As another example of his correspondence, in support of the University of Massachusetts’s soon-to-be-reverted decision to ban Iranian students from certain engineering programs, Professor Ullman wrote in 2015 [13]: “I think we need to distinguish between Americans of Iranian descent, who have chosen to cast their lot with the United States, and Iranians who did not leave Iran when the religious fanatics took over, and who may well be sympathetic to Iran’s desires to build a nuclear weapon and to Iran’s support for terrorists throughout the world. While I’m sure there are some students living in Iran, who would like nothing better than to leave that country for as long as it is run by Islamic fundamentalists, can we afford to take that risk of educating them and then having them turn that education against us? Especially, can we afford the risk given all the bright students from other countries that share US values who would love to be accepted to a US school?

Thus, Professor Ullman has explicitly advocated to distinguish between Iranians who left Iran before the 1979 revolution and those who did not. It is worthwhile to reflect that many of today’s key academic players of Iranian descent were once aspiring students in Iran. Perhaps the most prominent example is the late Maryam Mirzakhani, Professor of Mathematics at Stanford University and the only woman to ever win the Fields medal, who studied in Iran before pursuing graduate studies in the US. Professor Ullman is simply calling for a categorical ban against such talents. That said, we emphasize that people should not need to have exceptional talents or make significant academic contributions to be treated with dignity and respect.

Ullman’s Rationalization of Crimes Against Native Americans

Professor Ullman’s insensitive opinions extend beyond individuals of a specific national origin. For example, he rationalizes the taking away of land from Native Americans, which included several acts recognized by scholars as genocide against such populations [14], as “Technologically more advanced civilizations replace less advanced civilizations” [3].

Bigger Picture on the Implications of ACM’s Action and Silence

At a time when the tremendous costs of discriminatory and inhumane behavior against minority groups, such as African Americans and Asians, among others, is being broadly recognized in the computing community and beyond, ACM should not ignore such explicit and repeated xenophobic language and behavior by the person they are bestowing their highest award upon. Furthermore, discrimination against students based on their national origin and their presumed political views is in direct violation of the academic and D & I values that ACM aims to uphold as a core value. Generations to come may see this action by ACM and their silence on how this award negatively impacts D & I in computing as defiling the very respectability of the Turing Award and as an insult to the memory of Alan Turing himself.

We ask ACM, and particularly the ACM A.M. Turing Award Committee, the following:

  1. Report on the specifics surrounding this nomination, especially the extent of checks and balances that are in place to ensure that the process of awarding the highest distinction in computing is protected against violations of the ACM mission and its core values.
  2. Clarity from ACM on establishing compliance with its core values, particularly on D & I standards, as an explicit criterion for receiving this award. If not, transparently state that behaviors that directly damage inclusivity and diversity in the computing field are not relevant in the criteria listed by ACM for this award.

Signed by 1,304 (including 275 anonymous)

Last update: May 20, 2021.

Some Notable Statistics (according to the disclosed data, updated periodically):

  • 1 ACM Turing Award Laureate
  • 1 Abel Prize Laureate
  • 4 Nevanlinna Prize Laureates
  • 4 MacArthur Fellows
  • 21 ACM Fellows
  • 16 ACM Distinguished Members
  • 23 ACM Senior Members
  • 479 ACM Members (including Student/Professional)

To add your name to the list of signatories below, please follow these instructions:

  1. Either submit this Google Form (https://b.link/csforinclusion-sign) or email your name and affiliation, and optionally job title and role, as well as your ACM membership level (if any), from your institutional email address, to: dei.matters.acm@gmail.com.
  2. An institutional email address is requested to ensure the authenticity of signatures. If you do not have one, or otherwise cannot use your institutional email address, please add a comment to justify the use of personal email address.
  3. An option for anonymous signatures is provided. By default, we encourage non-anonymous signatures. However, you may choose to be anonymous in the public domain only, or both in the public domain and on the copy of the letter that will be sent to ACM. Identity information will still be gathered to ensure the authenticity of the signatures. Your anonymity will be fully protected, and if you have any special requests for anonymity, please leave a comment.
  4. Please also send any enquiries or report any inaccuracies to the email address above, with the subject line “enquiry”.

Disclaimer: Signing the letter is a personal statement and does not necessarily reflect that of the employers of the signatories.

#CSForInclusion #HoldACMAccountable

References:

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/24/world/europe/alan-turing-enigma-code-breaker-and-computer-pioneer-wins-royal-pardon.html
[2] https://www.acm.org/about-acm/mission-vision-values-goals
[3] https://web.archive.org/web/20200129080549/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html
[4] https://web.archive.org/web/2020*/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html
[5] https://twitter.com/2plus2make5/status/1377720193913356289
[6] https://web.archive.org/web/20110124051512/http://www.niacouncil.org/site/DocServer/Stanford_Discrimination_Letter.pdf
[7] https://web.archive.org/web/20140809043733/http://www.paaia.org/CMS/stanford-university-president-responds-directly-to-paaia-over-retired-professors-anti-iranian-remarks.aspx
[8] https://www.stanforddaily.com/2011/01/10/professor-comes-under-fire-for-alleged-anti-iranian-e-mail/
[9] https://www.chronicle.com/article/iranian-american-group-calls-on-stanford-to-censure-professor/
[10] https://web.archive.org/web/20140727205645/http://www.lobelog.com/niac-calls-out-anti-iranian-stanford-professor/
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeffrey_Ullman&oldid=1015653392
[12] http://b.link/ullman-email
[13] https://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/gplus/20150212-VDYSkY69tGe.html
[14] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/us/newsom-native-american-apology.html

Current List of Signatories (alphabetical):

– Academia: Faculty / Staff / PostDoc:

  1. A. Aldo Faisal, Professor of AI & Neuroscience, Imperial College London
  2. A. Nicki Washington, Professor of the Practice, Duke University, Duke University
  3. Aaron Clauset, Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder
  4. Aaron Gember-Jacobson, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Colgate Unviersity
  5. Aaron Keen, Professor of Computer Science and Software Engineering, California Polytechnic State University
  6. Aaron Quigley, Professor of Computer Science, University of New South Wales
  7. Abigale Stangl, Accessibility Researcher, CI-Fellow, University of Washington, HCDE
  8. Abolfazl Asudeh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago
  9. Adam Blank, Assistant Teaching Professor, Caltech
  10. Adam Perer, Assistant Research Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  11. Adrian Sampson, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Cornell University
  12. Afshin Nikzad, Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Southern California
  13. Ahmad Lashkaripour, Assistant Professor, Indiana University
  14. Alastair Donaldson, Professor of Computer Science, ACM Senior Member, Imperial College London
  15. Aleksander Madry, Professor, MIT
  16. Alessandro Treves, Interested in neural computation, SISSA
  17. Alex Bredariol Grilo, Researcher, CNRS, LIP6, Sorbonne Université
  18. Alexandra Ion, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  19. Alexandra Papoutsaki, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Pomona College
  20. Alexandra To, Assistant Professor of Art + Design and Computer Science, Northeastern University
  21. Ali Darvish, Lecturer of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University
  22. Ali Diba, Researcher, KU Leuven
  23. Ali Jadbabaie, Professor of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  24. Ali Khaledi Nasab, Neuroscientist, Stanford University
  25. Ali Tajer, Associate Professor of ECSE, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
  26. Alireza Khatami, Assistant Professor, Ryerson university
  27. Alireza Qaiumzadeh, Researcher, Deprtment of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
  28. Álvaro Cárdenas, Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz
  29. Amin Adibi, Disease Modeller, University of British Columbia
  30. Amin Gohari, Tehran Institute for Advanced Studies
  31. Amin Karbasi, Associate Professor, Yale University
  32. Amin Milani Fard, Assistant Professor, New York Institute of Technology – Vancouver
  33. Amin Saberi, Professor, Stanford University
  34. Amin Sayedi, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, University of Washington
  35. Amin Shokrollahi, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science and Mathematics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
  36. Amir Akbari, Assistant Professor, Ontario Tech University
  37. Amir H. Payberah, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
  38. Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, IST Austria
  39. Amir Kamil, Lecturer of Computer Science, University of Michigan
  40. Amir Nayyeri, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
  41. Amir Rahmati, Assistant Professor, Stony Brook University
  42. Amir Shaikhha, Lecturer, University of Edinburgh
  43. Amir-massoud Farahmand, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
  44. Amirbehshad Shahrasbi, Computing Innovation Postdoctoral Fellow, Postdoctoral Fellow
  45. Amirmohammad Ziaei, Research Assistant, Aalto University
  46. Amy Csizmar Dalal, Professor of Computer Science, Carleton College
  47. Amy J. Ko, Professor, University of Washington
  48. Amy Pavel, Postdoctoral Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
  49. Amy Zhang, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Washington Allen School
  50. Andrea Forte, Assoc. Professor, Drexel University
  51. Andrea Thomer, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan School of Information
  52. Andres Marin Lopez, Associate Professor, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
  53. Andrew Berry, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Washington
  54. Andrew Miller, Assistant Professor, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
  55. Andrew Miller, Assistant professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  56. Angelika Strohmayer, PhD, Northumbria University
  57. Anil Madhavapeddy, University Lecturer, University of Cambridge
  58. Anind K. Dey, Dean and Professor, Information School, University of Washington
  59. Anne Condon, Professor, University of British Columbia
  60. Annu Prabhakar, Associate Professor, University of Cincinnati
  61. Arash Khosravifar, Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University
  62. Arash Massoudieh, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Catholic University of America
  63. Arash Termehchy, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
  64. Arian Maleki, Associate Professor of Statistics, Columbia University
  65. Arman Noroozian, Post Doctoral Researcher, University of Amsterdam / Delft University of Technology
  66. Arun Kumar, Assistant Professor of CSE and HDSI, UC San Diego
  67. Arvind Satyanarayan, Assistant Professor, MIT CSAIL
  68. Arya Mazumdar, Associate Professor, University of California San Diego
  69. Ashia Wilson, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, MIT
  70. Ashkan Khakzar, Research Scientist / Lecturer, Technical University of Munich (TUM)
  71. Ashwin Machanavajjhala, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Duke University
  72. Atilla Elçi, Professor of Software Engineering, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Turkey
  73. Atri Rudra, Professor, University at Buffalo
  74. Audrey Girouard, Associate Professor, Carleton University
  75. Augusto Esteves, Professor of Computer Science, IST, ULisbon
  76. Austin Toombs, Assistant Professor of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University
  77. Avi Wigderson, Professor, Nevanlinna and Abel prize laureate, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton
  78. Azadeh Yadollahi, Scientist, University Health Network
  79. Azalea Raad, Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Computer Science, Imperial College London
  80. Babak Salimi, Assistant Professor, University of California San Diego
  81. Bahar Behzadnezhad, RF Engineer, UW-Madison
  82. Barna Saha, Associate Professor, University of California Berkeley
  83. Behrouz Touri, Dr., University of California San Diego
  84. Ben Glocler, Reader (eq. Associate Professor), Imperial College London
  85. Ben Green, Postdoctoral Scholar, University of Michigan
  86. Benedict R. Gaster, Associate Professor in Physical Computing, University of West of England
  87. Benjamin Gorman, Lecturer in Computer Science, Bournemouth University, UK
  88. Benjamin Pittman-Polletta, Research Assistant Professor, Boston University
  89. Beta Ziliani, Professor of computer science, FAMAF, Universidad nacional de Córdoba
  90. Bhaskar Krishnamachari, Professor of ECE, USC
  91. Birgit Penzenstadler, Associate Professor, Chalmers University of Technology
  92. Birna van Riemsdijk, Associate Professor Intimate Computing, University of Twente
  93. Blase Ur, Assistant Professor, University of Chicago
  94. Boaz Barak, Professor of Computer Science, Harvard University
  95. Bogdana Rakova, Guest Editor, Springer International Journal of Community Wellbeing, Guest Editor, Springer International Journal of Community Wellbeing
  96. Brett Stalbaum, Teaching Professor of Visual Arts, University of California, San Diego
  97. Brian Brubach, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Wellesley College
  98. Briana B. Morrison, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Nebraska Omaha
  99. Briane Paul Samson, Assistant Professor, De La Salle University
  100. Brianna Posadas, Postdoc, Virginia Tech
  101. Bruce Kapron, Professor of Computer Science, University of Victoria
  102. Bruce Weide, Professor Emeritus, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
  103. Bruno Grenet, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Université de Montpellier
  104. Camille Cobb, Carnegie Mellon University
  105. Carlos Gustavo Lopez Pombo, Professor of Computer Science, Department of Computing, School of Science, Universidad de Buenos Aires
  106. Carlos Scheidegger, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Arizona
  107. Casey Fiesler, Assistant Professor, University of Colorado Boulder
  108. Catherine Cronquist Browning, Assistant Dean, Academic Programs, Equity & Inclusion, University of California, Berkeley, School of Information
  109. Catherine D’Ignazio, Assistant Professor of Urban Science & Planning, MIT
  110. Cécilia Lancien, Researcher in Mathematics, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse & CNRS
  111. Celine Latulipe, Professor of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
  112. Ceren Budak, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  113. Charles Sutton, University of Edinburgh
  114. Charlotte Lee, Associate Professor, University of Washington
  115. Christian Kaestner, Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  116. Christina Chung, Assistant Professor, Indiana University
  117. Christine Alvarado, Teaching Professor, University of California, San Diego
  118. Christoph Becker, Associate Professor, University of Toronto
  119. Christopher Stewart, Associate Professor and Chair of Diversity and Inclusion Committee, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
  120. Claudio Gutierrez, Professor, Computer Science Department, Universidad de Chile
  121. Cliff Lampe, Professor, University of Michigan
  122. Colin M. Gray, Assistant Professor, Purdue University
  123. Colin S. Gordon, Assistant Professor, Drexel University
  124. Conor Thomas McBride, Reader, University of Strathclyde
  125. Constantinos Daskalakis, Nevanlinna Prize, Professor of Computer Science, MIT
  126. Cristopher Moore, Professor, Santa Fe Institute
  127. D. Paul Ralph, Professor, Dalhousie University
  128. Dan Garcia, Teaching Professor, Teaching Professor
  129. Danica Sutherland, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of British Columbia
  130. Daniel A. Spielman, MacArthur Fellow, Nevanlinna Prize, Sterling Professor of Computer Science, Yale University
  131. Daniel D. Sleator, Professor of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
  132. Daniel Epstein, Assistant Professor, University of California, Irvine
  133. Daniel Freund, Assistant Professor, MIT
  134. Daniel Hsu, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Columbia University
  135. Daniel Kane, University of California, San Diego
  136. Daniel M. Romero, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
  137. Daniel Zappala, Professor of Computer Science, Brigham Young University
  138. Dante R Chialvo, Head & Professor of Medical Physics, American Physical Society Fellow, U.S. Fulbright Scholar, Universidad Nacional de San Martin (Argentina)
  139. Danupon Nanongkai, University of Copenhagen
  140. David Ham, Reader in Computational Mathematics, Imperial College London
  141. David IW Levin, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
  142. David Jorjani, Sessional Lecturer, University of Toronto
  143. David Lindlbauer, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  144. David Miller, Postdoctoral Scholar, University of Central Florida
  145. David Mohaisen, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Central Florida
  146. Davood Rafiei, Professor of Computer Science, University of Alberta
  147. Delaram Yazdansepas, Assistant Professor, Loyola Marymount University
  148. Djamé Seddah, Maitre de conférence en informatique
  149. Djordje Jevdjic, Assistant Professor, National University of Singapore
  150. Douglas Urner, Teacher, Software Developer, South Kitsap School District
  151. Dr. Lee Nelson, Professor of Nursing, Riverside City College
  152. Drew Paine, Research Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  153. Earlence Fernandes, Professor of Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  154. Ebrahim Bagheri, Associate Professor, Ryerson University
  155. Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez, Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oregon State University
  156. Eiad Yafi, Assistant Professor, Universiti Kuala Lumpur
  157. Eleftherios Kokoris Kogias, Assistant Professor, IST Austria & Facebook
  158. Elham Mousavidin, Associate Professor of Management and Marketing, University of St. Thomas
  159. Elias Castegren, Postdoctoral Associate, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
  160. Elijah Joseph Weber-Han, Researcher, Cornell University
  161. Elizabeth Patitsas, Assistant professor, McGill University
  162. Emiliano De Cristofaro, Professor, University College London & Alan Turing Institute
  163. Emily Philippsen, Assistant Professor, Riverside City College
  164. Emma Pierson, Senior Researcher, Microsoft Research
  165. Emma Tosch, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Vermont
  166. Eric Gilbert, John Derby Evans Associate Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
  167. Eric Paulos, Professor, Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC Berkeley
  168. Eric Walkingshaw, Assistant Professor, Oregon State University
  169. Erin Brady, Assistant Professor of Human Centered Computing, Indiana University
  170. Eureka Foong, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Tokyo
  171. Eva Hornecker, Professor of HCI, ACM Senior Member, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
  172. Evan Anderson, Research Coordinator, Northwestern University
  173. Evan M Peck, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Bucknell University
  174. Evangelos Milios, Professor, Dalhousie University
  175. Eytan Adar, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
  176. Fang Song, Assistant Professor, Portland State University
  177. Farnoush Banaei-Kashani, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
  178. Farshad Ghanei, Assistant Professor of Teaching, University at Buffalo
  179. Fatemeh Navidi, Principal Researcher, University of Chicago
  180. Fernando Pérez, Associate Professor in Statistics. Recipient of the 2017 ACM Software System Award (Project Jupyter), UC Berkeley
  181. Florian Echtler, Associate professor of computer science, Aalborg University
  182. Foaad Khosmood, Associate Professor of Computer Science, California Polytechnic State University
  183. Fredo Durand, Amar Bose Professor of Computing., MIT
  184. Garreth Tigwell, Assistant Professor, Rochester Institute of Technology
  185. Genoveva Vargas-Solar, Principal Scientist, Databases, CNRS, LIRIS, France
  186. Geoff Kuenning, Professor of Computer Science, Harvey Mudd College
  187. Gian Maria Campedelli, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Trento, Italy
  188. Gillian Smith, Associate Professor, Computer Science, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
  189. Glencora Borradaile, Oregon State University
  190. Greg Durrett, Assistant Professor, The University of Texas at Austin
  191. Gregory D. Hager, Mandell Bellmore Professor of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University
  192. Gregory Gay, Assistant Professor, Chalmers and the University of Gothenburg
  193. Guido Wirtz, Full Professor of Computer Science, University of Bamberg
  194. Hadi Hemmati, Associate Professor, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  195. Hamed Haddadi, Imperial College London
  196. Hamed Hatami, Professor of Computer Science, McGill University
  197. Hamed Niknam, Post-doctoral Researcher, McGill University
  198. Hamed Zamani, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst
  199. Hamid Eghbalzadeh, Postdoc, Johannes Kepler University, Austria
  200. Hamid R. Arabnia, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of Georgia
  201. Harley Eades, Associate Professor, Augusta University
  202. Harry Hochheiser, Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh
  203. Hasti Seifi, Assistant Professorin Computer Science, University of Copenhagen
  204. Hazhir Rahmandad, Associate professor of system dynamics, Massachusetts institute of technology
  205. Helen, Professor Emerita of Human Computer Interaction, Department of Computer Science, University of York
  206. Henry Yuen, Assistant Professor, Columbia University
  207. Hernan Ponce de Leon, Postdoctoral Researcher, Universität der Bundeswehr München
  208. Hessam Mahdavifar, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  209. Hessameddin Akhlaghpour, Postdoctoral Fellow, The Rockefeller University
  210. Himan Abdollahpouri, Postdoctoral Fellow, Northwestern University
  211. Holly Rushmeier, Professor, Yale University
  212. Hossein Hojjat, Assistant Professor, TeIAS
  213. Houssam Abbas, Assistant Professor, Oregon State University
  214. Hung Le, Assistant Professor Computer Science, UMass Amherst
  215. Ilya Sergey, Associate Professor, Yale-NUS College and National University of Singapore
  216. Irene Veronica Pasquetto, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  217. J Khadijah Abdurahman, Director of We Be Imagining, We Be Imagining, Columbia University
  218. Jafar Haadi Haadi Jafarian, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
  219. Jalal Kazempour, Associate Professor, Technical University of Denmark
  220. James A. Landay, Professor of Computer Science, ACM Fellow, Member of ACM SIGCHI Academy, Stanford University
  221. James Fogarty, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington
  222. James R. Wallace, Associate Professor, University of Waterloo
  223. Jamileh, Assistant Professor, Cape Breton University
  224. Jan Van den Bergh, Hasselt University
  225. Jan Vondrak, Associate Professor of Mathematics, Stanford University
  226. Jana Giceva, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, TU Munich
  227. Janet Davis, Associate Professor and Microsoft Chair of Computer Science, Whitman College
  228. Jason Hartline, Professor of Computer Science, Northwestern U
  229. Jason Lewis, University Research Chair for Computational Media and the Indigenous Future Imaginary, Concordia University
  230. Jason Yip, Assistant professor, University of Washington
  231. Jean Hardy, Assistant Professor of Media & Information, Michigan State University
  232. Jeanna Neefe Matthews, Professor of Computer Science, current ACM Council member (https://www.acm.org/about-acm/acm-council), Clarkson University
  233. Jeehoon Kang, Assistant Professor, KAIST
  234. Jeffrey Bigham, Associate Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  235. Jeffrey Heer, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle
  236. Jelani Nelson, Professor, Department of EECS, UC Berkeley
  237. Jelena Golubovic, Simon Fraser University
  238. Jennifer Jacobs, Assistant Professor of Media Arts and Technology and Computer Science, University of California Santa Barbara
  239. Jennifer Mankoff, Richard E. Ladner Professor, CHI Academy, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering
  240. Jeroen Zuiddam, Simons Junior Fellow, New York University
  241. Jesse Thomason, University of Southern California
  242. Jessica Hammer, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  243. Jia-Bin Huang, Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech
  244. Jie Qi, Project assistant professor, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Law School, University of Tokyo
  245. Jim Dowling, Associate Professor, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology
  246. Joanne M. Atlee, Professor, University of Waterloo
  247. Jodi Julian, Professor
  248. Joel Sommers, Professor, Colgate University
  249. John Regehr, professor, University of Utah, USA
  250. John S. Seberger, Postdoctoral Fellow, Indiana University
  251. John Sarracino, Postdoctoral Associate, Cornell University
  252. John Wickerson, Lecturer, Imperial College London
  253. Jon E. Froehlich, Associate Professor, Allen School, University of Washington
  254. Jonathan Aldrich, Professor of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
  255. Jonathan Crowcroft, Professor, University of Cambridge
  256. Jose Antonio Ruiperez Valiente, Research Fellow, University of Murcia
  257. Joseph Seering, Postdoctoral Scholar in Computer Science, Stanford University
  258. Joshua A. Grochow, Assistant Professor, Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder
  259. Joshua Cooper, Professor of Mathematics, University of South Carolina
  260. Joshua Quicksall, Communications Specialist, Institute for Software Research, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
  261. Joss Wright, Senior Research Fellow, Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford
  262. Juan Wang, Professor of political science, McGill
  263. Julie Hui, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  264. Julie J Lee, University College London
  265. Julie Kientz, Professor, University of Washington
  266. Kaave Hosseini, Postdoctoral Associate, Carnegie Mellon University
  267. Kaivan Kamali, Computational Scientist, Penn State University
  268. Kamiar Rahnama Rad, Assistant Professor, Baruch College, City University New York
  269. Kamyar Khodamoradi, Postdoc in Computer Science, University of Würzburg
  270. Karen Boyd, University of Michigan
  271. Karen Fisher, Professor, University of Washington
  272. Kate Starbird, Associate Professor, University of Washington
  273. Katharina Reinecke, Associate Professor, Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington
  274. Katie Siek, Professor and Chair, Indiana University
  275. Katta Spiel, Hertha-Firnberg Scholar, TU Wien
  276. Katy E. Pearce, Associate professor, University of Washington
  277. Kay Connelly, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Informatics, Indiana University
  278. Kelly Lyons, Professor, Faculty of Information and Department of CS, University of Toronto
  279. Kendra Albert, Clinical Instructor, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
  280. Kenneth Holstein, Assistant Professor of Human-Computer Interaction, Carnegie Mellon University
  281. Kentaro Toyama, Professor, University of Michigan
  282. Kevin Skadron, Professor of Computer Science, FACM, University of Virginia
  283. Kia Bazargan, Associate Professor, University of Minnesota
  284. Kiran Garimella, Michael Hammer Postdoc, MIT
  285. Kolina Koltai, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Washington
  286. Kyle Fox, Assistant Professor, University of Texas at Dallas
  287. Kyle Thayer, Assistant Teaching Professor, University of Washington
  288. Lance Eaton, Educator
  289. Lara Letaw, Faculty, Oregon State University
  290. Laura Alonso Alemany, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
  291. Laura Forlano, Associate Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology
  292. Lauren Wilcox, Associate Professor, Interactive Computing, College of Computing, Georgia Tech
  293. Lawrence H. Moulton, Professor of International Health and (joint) Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
  294. Lawrence Kim, Postdoc, Stanford University
  295. Lefteris Manassakis, Research engineer, FORTH-ICS
  296. Lena Fanya Aeschbach, University of Basel
  297. Leo Ducas, Senior Researcher in Cryptology, Centrum Wiskunde & Informaticas
  298. Liang Huang, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Oregon State University
  299. Libby Hemphill, University of Michigan
  300. Lilly Irani, Associate Professor, 2021 Program Co-Chair ACM FAccT, UC San Diego, Communication and Computer Science (Affiliate Faculty)
  301. Lindsay Jamieson, Associate Professor of Computer Science, St.Mary’s College of Maryland
  302. Lindsey Kuper, Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, UC Santa Cruz
  303. LJean Camp, Fellow of the IEEE; Fellow of the AAAS, Professor of Computer Science, Professor of Informatics, Indiana University
  304. Loren Terveen, Professor of Computer Science & Engineering, The University of Minnesota
  305. Lorenzo Cavallaro, Professor of Computer Science, Chair in Cybersecurity (Systems Security), King’s College London
  306. Loris D’Antoni, Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  307. Lorrie Cranor, Bosch Distinguished Professor and FORE Systems Professor, Carnegie Mellon University; ACM, IEEE, AAAS Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
  308. Louigi Addario-Berry, Professor, Fellow of the Institute for Matthematical Statistics, Fellow of the Canadian Matthematical Society, Simons Fellow., McGill University
  309. Luca Trevisan, Professor of Computer Science, Bocconi University
  310. Lucy Bernholz, Sr. Research Scholar, Stanford University
  311. LuEttaMae Lawrence, Postdoc Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
  312. Lukas Daniel Klausner, Researcher, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences
  313. Lynn S. Dombrowski, Assistant Professor, IUPUI
  314. Mahdi Cheraghchi, Assistant Professor of CSE, ACM Senior Member, University of Michigan
  315. Mahdi Mirhoseini, Professor of Information Systems, John Molson School of Business, Concordia University
  316. Mahmood Shafeie Zargar, Assistant Professor of Innovation Management, VU Amsterdam
  317. Maneesh Agrawala, Professor of Computer Science, Director Brown Institute for Media Innovation, MacArthur Fellow, Stanford University
  318. Mar Hicks, Associate Professor of History of Technology, Illinois Institute of Technology
  319. Maral Dehghani, Faculty, School of Computing & Academic Studies, British Columbia Institute of Technology
  320. Marc Deisenroth, Professor, University College London
  321. Marjan Farahbod, Simon Fraser University
  322. Martin Joel Strauss, Professor of Mathematics, University of Michigan
  323. Maryam Elahi, Assistant Professor, Mount Royal University
  324. Maryam Siahbani, Assistant Prof., University of the Fraser Valley
  325. Mason Kortz, Clinical Instructor, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
  326. Masoud Hamedi, Adjunct Professor, Masters in Telecommunications Program, Adjunct Professor
  327. Matin Bagherpour, Associate Professor of Energy Systems, University of Oslo
  328. Matt Windsor, Research Associate, University of York
  329. Matteo Maffei, Professor for Security and Privacy, TU Wien
  330. Matthew Bietz, Lecturer, University of California, Irvine
  331. Matthew Kay, Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Communication Studies, Northwestern University
  332. Maxime Turgeon, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
  333. Maziar Goudarzi, Associate Professor, Sharif University of Technology
  334. Mehdi Javanmard, Associate Professor, Rutgers University
  335. Mehdi Kargar, Assistant Professor, Ryerson University
  336. mehdi shajari, Assistant Professor, Ryerson University
  337. Mehdi Tahoori, Professor and Chair of Computer Science, IEEE Fellow, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
  338. Melanie Mitchell, Professor, Computer Science, Portland State University
  339. Michael Ann DeVito, Postdoctoral Computing Innovation Fellow, University of Colorado Boulder
  340. Michael Bernstein, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Stanford University
  341. Michael Cook, Research Fellow, Queen Mary University of London
  342. Michael Nebeling, Assistant Professor of Information & CSE, University of Michigan
  343. Michael P. Kim, Miller Institute, UC Berkeley
  344. Michael Winikoff, Professor and Head of School, Victoria University of Wellington
  345. Michel Steuwer, Lecturer, University of Edinburgh
  346. Mike Rosulek, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
  347. Milind Kulkarni, Associate Professor, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University
  348. Mohamed Sarwat, Professor of Computer Science, Arizona State University
  349. Mohammad Akbarpour, Professor of Economics and (by courtesy) Computer Science, Stanford University
  350. Mohammad Hajiabadi, Assistant Professor of CSE, Pennsylvania State University, Assistant Professor of CSE, Pennsylvania State University
  351. Mohammad Hajiesmaili, UMass Amherst
  352. Mohammad Heydari, Dr., Research Fellow
  353. Mohammad Javad Abdolhosseini Qomi, Assistant Professor, UC Irvine
  354. Mohammad Javad Amiri, Postdoc Researcher, University of Pennsylvania
  355. Mohammad Mahmoody, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Virginia
  356. Mohammad Malekzadeh, Postdoctoral Researcher, Imperial College London
  357. Mohammad Sadoghi, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, University of California, Davis
  358. Mohammad Saleh Zarepour, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of Birmingham
  359. Mohammad Shahrad, Lecturer in Computer Science, Princeton University
  360. Mohammad T. Hajiaghayi, ACM Fellow, Minker Professor of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park
  361. Mohsen Heidari, Postdoc, Purdue University
  362. Mojtaba Azadi, Assistant Professor, San Francisco State University
  363. Molly H. Olson, Mathematics and Coding teacher, Ely Memorial School
  364. Mona Azadkia, Postdoc, ETH
  365. Morteza Dehghani, Associate Professor of Psychology and Computer Science, University of Southern California
  366. Morteza Rezanejad, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Toronto
  367. Moslem Habibi, Assistant Professor at Sharif University, Assistant Professor at Sharif University of Technology
  368. Mostafa Milani, Assistant Professor, The University of Western Ontario
  369. Motahhare Eslami, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University
  370. Munmun De Choudhury, Associate Professor of Interactive Computing; 2021 ACM-W Awardee, Georgia Institute of Technology
  371. Murat Demirbas, Professor of Computer Science, University at Buffalo, SUNY
  372. Muthuramakrishnan Venkitasubramaniam, Associate Professor, University of Rochester
  373. Myounghoon Jeon, Associate Professor, Virginia Tech
  374. Nachiket Kapre, University of Aaterloo
  375. Nader Sehatbakhsh, Assistant Professor, UCLA
  376. Naeem Khademi, Assoc. Prof., University of Stavanger
  377. Nael Abu-Ghazaleh, Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Riverside
  378. Nancy Smith, Assistant Professor, School of Information, Pratt Institute
  379. Nanette Veilleux, Professor, Simmons University
  380. Naomi Nishimura, Associate Professor, University of Waterloo
  381. Nauman Chaudhry, Instructor, Oregon State University
  382. Navid Hashemi, Assistant Professor, College of Charleston
  383. Nazanin Andalibi, Assistant Professor of Information, University of Michigan, School of Information
  384. Nicholas Spooner, Postdoctoral Scholar, Boston University
  385. Nicole Ellison, Karl E. Weick Collegiate Professor of Information, University of Michigan School of Information
  386. Nikhil Garg, Postdoc, UC Berkeley
  387. Nikhil Srivastava, Associate Professor, UC Berkeley
  388. Niklas Elmqvist, Professor of Information Studies and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park
  389. Niloufar Salehi, Assistant professor, UC, Berkeley
  390. Nima Haghpanah, Assistant Professor of Economics, Pennsylvania State University
  391. Noah Stephens-Davidowitz, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Cornell University
  392. Nova Ahmed, Associate Professor, North South University, Bangladesh
  393. Odest Chadwicke Jenkins, Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan
  394. Oliver Haimson, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  395. Om Damani, Professor of Computer Science, IIT Bombay
  396. Omid Rohanian, Post-Doctoral Research Associate, University of Oxford
  397. Panos Parpas, Reader, Imperial College London
  398. Parisa Rashidi, Associate Professor, University of Florida
  399. Patricia Arias Cabarcos, Postdoctoral Researcher, KIT
  400. Patricia Garcia, Assistant Professor, University of Michigan
  401. Paul Dourish, ACM Fellow, Chancellor’s Professor of Informatics, University of California, Irvine
  402. Paul H J Kelly, Professor of Software Technology, Imperial College London
  403. Pejman Lotfi-Kamran, Associate Professor of Computer Science, IPM
  404. Pernille Bjorn, Professor, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
  405. Peter Shor, Professor of Mathematics, MacArthur Fellow, Nevanlinna Prize, ACM Fellow, MIT
  406. Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani, Assistant Professor, TU Delft
  407. Piper Jackson, Assistant Professor of Computing Science, Thompson Rivers University
  408. Pooya Hatami, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Ohio State University
  409. Pooyan Jamshidi, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of South Carolina
  410. Priya Kumar, University of Maryland, College Park
  411. R. Benjamin Shapiro, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder
  412. Rachit Agarwal, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Cornell University
  413. Rad Niazadeh, Assistant Professor, University of Chicago Booth School of Business
  414. Rada Mihalcea, Janice M. Jenkins Collegiate Professor of Computer Science, University of Michigan
  415. Rafael Oliveira, University of waterloo
  416. Ramtin Pedarsani, Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara
  417. Rasit Eskicioglu, Associate Professor of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
  418. Rasoul Etesami, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  419. Rebecca Wright, Druckenmiller Professor of Computer Science, Barnard College
  420. Rediet Abebe, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, UC Berkeley / Harvard Society of Fellows
  421. Reem Talhouk, Vice chancellor research fellow, Northumbria University
  422. Reihaneh Rabbany, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, McGill University
  423. Reva Freedman, Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University
  424. Reyhaneh Jabbarvand, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  425. Reza Babanezhad Harikandeh, Research Scientist, Research Scientist
  426. Reza Djeddi, Research Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Univeristy of Tennessee, Knoxville
  427. Reza Rawassizadeh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Boston University
  428. Reza Sameni, Associate Professor, Emory University
  429. Reza Zadeh, Adjunct Professor, Stanford and Matroid
  430. Ricardo Baeza-Yates, ACM Fellow, Professor, Northeastern University
  431. Richmond Wong, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of California, Berkeley
  432. Rob Comber, Associate Professor, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
  433. Robert Soden, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
  434. Roberto Minelli, Ph.D., Software Institute – USI, Lugano, Switzerland
  435. Robin Brewer, University of Michigan, School of Information
  436. Roderic N. Crooks, Assistant Professor of Informatics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine., Assistant Professor, UC Irvine Informatics.
  437. Roei Tell, Postdoctoral Fellow, MIT
  438. Ron Eglash, Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
  439. Ron Wakkary, Professor (Former Editor-in-Chief ACM interactions 2010-16), Simon Fraser University
  440. Ross Tate, Cornell University
  441. Roya Ensafi, Assistant professor, University of Michigan
  442. Rubén Salvador Perea, CentraleSupélec, IETR Lab
  443. Ryan Cotterell, Assistant Professor, ETH Zürich
  444. Sadegh Aliakbary, Faculty member as an assistant professor, Shahid Beheshti University
  445. Sadegh Dalvandi, Research Fellow, University of Surrey
  446. Sajin Koroth, Postdoctoral Fellow, Simon Fraser University
  447. Salman Beigi, Associate Professor, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
  448. Sam Malek, Professor, University of California, Irvine
  449. Saman Zonouz, Professor, 2019 PECASE Awardee, Rutgers University
  450. Samantha Breslin, Assistant Professor, University of Copenhagen
  451. Sameer Singh, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine
  452. Samin Aref, Computer Scientist and Former Lecturer, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
  453. Sandeep Kumar Shukla, Professor Of computer science, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
  454. Sara Sartoli, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of North Georgia
  455. Sarah Fox, Assistant Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
  456. Sarita Adve, Richard T. Cheng Professor of Computer Science, Member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, recipient of ACM/IEEE CS Ken Kennedy award, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  457. Sarita Schoenebeck, Associate Professor, University of Michigan
  458. Saugata Ghose, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
  459. Sauvik Das, Assistant Professor of Interactive Computing, Cybersecurity & Privacy, Georgia Institute of Technology
  460. Scott David Dexter, Professor of Computer Science, Alma College
  461. Sean Farley, Researcher, Argonne National Lab
  462. Sean Munson, Associate Professor, University of Washington
  463. Sean Murthy, Associate Professor of Instruction, University of Texas at Dallas
  464. Sebastian Diaz, Cheif Geek, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Univeristy
  465. Sebastian Schelter, University of Amsterdam
  466. Sepehr Nezami, Postdoctoral researcher, Caltech
  467. Shahin Kamali, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba
  468. Shahrooz Faghihroohi, Senior Research Scientist
  469. Shaowen Bardzell, Professor, Penn State University
  470. Shayan Oveis Gharan, Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington
  471. Shideh Dashti, Associate Professor, University of Colorado Boulder
  472. Shimon Edelman, Professor, Cornell University
  473. Shirin Boroushaki, Assistant Professor, Thompson Rivers University
  474. Shiva Nejati, Associate Professor at the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa
  475. Siamak F. Shahandashti, Lecturer (Assistant Professor), Department of Computer Science, University of York, UK
  476. Sibin Mohan, Research Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  477. Siddharth Garg, Associate Professor of ECE, New York University
  478. Sihem Amer-Yahia, Research Director, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes
  479. Silvia Lindtner, Associate Professor of Information and Computer Sciences, Associate Director of the Center for Ethics, Society, and Computing, University of Michigan
  480. Simina Branzei, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Purdue University
  481. Sina Fazelpour, Postdoctoral Fellow, Carnegie Mellon University
  482. Sina Tafazoli, Postdoctoral research associate, Princeton University
  483. Soheil Mohajer, Associatie Professor, University of Minnesota
  484. Sourav S Bhowmick, Associate Professor in Computer Science, Nanyang Technological University
  485. Stacey Scott, Professor of Computer Science, University of Guelph
  486. Stephen A Cook, ACM Turing Award, University Emeritus, Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto
  487. Stephen B Gilbert, Director of Human Computer Interaction and Assoc Prof, Iowa State University
  488. Stephen Ramsey, Associate Professor, Oregon State University
  489. Steve Easterbrook, Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
  490. Subramanian Ramamoorthy, Professor of Robot Learning and Autonomy, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
  491. Supratik Chakraborty, Professor, I.I.T. Bombay
  492. Suvrit Sra, Associate Professor, MIT
  493. Suzanne Rivoire, Professor of Computer Science, Sonoma State University
  494. Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Assistant Professor, University of Toronto
  495. Taha Yasseri, Associate Professor, Former Turing Fellow, University College Dublin
  496. Talayeh Aledavood, Lecturer in CS, Aalto University
  497. Tara Javidi, Professor of ECE, University of California, San Diego
  498. Tariq, Professors of Computer Sciences, University College of Technology Sarawak
  499. Tawanna Dillahunt, Associate Professor, School of Information, University of Michigan
  500. Tevfik Kosar, Professor, University at Buffalo
  501. Thomas G. Dietterich, Distinguished Professor (Emeritus), Oregon State University
  502. Tiago Ferreira, Research Assistant, University College London
  503. Tiffany Veinot, Professor of Information and of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan
  504. Timothy M. Pinkston, Ph.D., Professor of ECE, ACM Fellow, University of Southern California
  505. Timur Friedman, Sorbonne Université
  506. Tugkan Batu, Assistant Professor, London School of Economics
  507. Valerie Barr, Professor of Computer Science, Mount Holyoke College
  508. Vasco T. Vasconcelos, Professor of Computer Science, University of Lisbon
  509. Vasiliki Kalavri, Assistant Professor, Boston University
  510. Vijay Chidambaram, Assistant Professor, University of Texas at Austin
  511. Vikram S. Adve, Donald B. Gillies Professor of Computer Science; ACM Fellow, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  512. Virginia de Sa, Professora, UC San Diego
  513. Wanda Pratt, Professor and Associate Dean for Diversity Equity & Inclusion, Information School, University of Washington
  514. Wayne Heym, Senior Lecturer, Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
  515. Wendy Norris, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Nazareth College
  516. Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh, Professor of computer science, University of Tehran
  517. Yan Chen, Professor of Information, University of Michigan
  518. Yashar Ganjali, Professor of Computer Science, University of Toronto
  519. Yasser Roudi, Professor, winner of Eric Kandel Young Neuroscientist Award 2015, Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, NTNU
  520. Yavar Taheri Yeganeh, Senior Research Assistant, Shahid Beheshti University
  521. Yifan Sun, Assistant Professor, William & Mary
  522. Yvonne Coady, Professor of Computer Science, University of Victoria
  523. Ziawasch Abedjan, Professor of Computer Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover
  524. Zubair Shafiq, Associate Professor, University of California, Davis

– Academia: Students:

  1. Aakash Gautam, PhD student, Virginia Tech
  2. Abbas K. Rizi, PhD Candidate in CS, PhD Candidate
  3. Abdallah Anees AbuHashem, Master’s Student at Stanford University, Master’s Student at Stanford University
  4. Abduvosid Malikov, Student at MSc Business Analytics, CEU, Student
  5. Abraham Mhaidli, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
  6. Abrar Rahman Protyasha, Undergraduate student, University of Rochester
  7. Abtin Afshar, Phd student, Phd student
  8. Adam Suhl, PhD student, UC San Diego
  9. Afsoon Afzal, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
  10. Agata Foryciarz, PhD Student, Stanford University
  11. Ahmed Frikha, PhD student, LMU Munich and Siemens
  12. Ahmed, Student, Penn State
  13. Aidin Shiri, Computer Engineer, University of Maryland Baltimore County
  14. Aishwarya Mandyam, PhD Student, Princeton University
  15. Akshay Gopalakrishnan, MSc Thesis
  16. Alejandro Flores-Velazco, PhD Student, University of Maryland, College Park
  17. Alen K. Sabu, Doctoral candidate in Computer Science, National University of Singapore
  18. Alexander Gamero-Garrido, PhD Candidate in Computer Science, UC San Diego
  19. Alexander Hicks, University College London
  20. Ali Farzanehfar, PhD candidate, Imperial College London
  21. Ali Gorji, M.Sc. student, ETH Zurich
  22. Ali Hajiabdi, PhD student, National University of Singapore
  23. Ali Sharafat, PhD Student, Stanford University
  24. Ali Varamesh, PhD cadidate, KU Leuven
  25. Alicia DeVos, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  26. Alireza Sanaee, Mr., Queen Mary University of London
  27. Alyssa Wang, UCLA
  28. Amber Horvath, Graduate Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  29. Amin Jabini, PhD student at USC, PhD Student at USC
  30. Amir Khordadi, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
  31. Amir Shahatit, Software engineer, UC Berkeley
  32. Amirhossein Ghafari, Research Assistant, Student
  33. Amirhossein Rajabi, PhD Candidate in CS, Technical University of Denmark
  34. Anagha Zach, Computer science engineer, Student
  35. Andi Peng, PhD Candidate in CS, MIT
  36. Andrew Hu, PhD Student, Michigan State University
  37. Ángel Alexander Cabrera, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  38. Anja Kalaba, Princeton University
  39. Ankit Pensia, PhD Student, UW-Madison
  40. Anna Fang, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  41. Anna Karanika, PhD student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  42. Anna Kawakami, Undergraduate student, Wellesley College
  43. Anne Spencer Ross, PhD Candidate, University of Washington
  44. Antares Chen, PhD Student, University of Chicago
  45. Arash Pourhabibi, PhD Candidate, EPFL
  46. Arezou Fatemi, SFU
  47. Argyris Mouzakis, PhD Student, University of Waterloo
  48. Arjun Subramonian, Computer Science Student, University of California, Los Angeles
  49. Artem Pelenitsyn, Northeastern University
  50. Ashkan Kazemi, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
  51. Ashkan YekrangSafakar, Electrical Engineering, Louisiana State University
  52. Ashwin Rajadesingan, PhD student, University of Michigan School of Information
  53. Ashwin Singh, IIIT Delhi
  54. Atefe Khodadadi, Student, Sharif University of Technology
  55. Atia Hamidizadeh, M.Sc. student in Computer Science, Simon Fraser University
  56. Bandar Al-Dhalaan, (none), University of Michigan
  57. Behnam Rahdari, PhD Student, University of Pittsburgh
  58. Behrad Moniri, Student of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
  59. Ben Pullman, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
  60. Benjamin Elizalde, PhD student
  61. Bharat Prakash, PhD Research Assistant, UMBC
  62. Brandon Thai Tran, PhD Student, University of Southern California
  63. Brian Zimmerman, Software Engineer, Graduate Student, Myself
  64. Bryan Wang, PhD student, University of Toronto
  65. Buzz Rankouhi, PhD candidate, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  66. Calvin Liang, University of Washington
  67. Cella Monet Sum, Incoming PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  68. Chloe Kliman-Silver, Postgrad Researcher, Northumbria University
  69. Christian Seitz, PhD student, UCSD
  70. Conlon Novak, DC, SCS ’20
  71. Dana Afazeli, Data scientist, Cs student at sharif university of technology
  72. Daniel Delmonaco, PhD Student, University of Michigan School of Information
  73. Darya Kaviani, Undergraduate, UC Berkeley EECS
  74. David Gray Widder, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
  75. Dimitris Karakostas, PhD candidate, University of Edinburgh
  76. Divine Maloney, PhD candidate, inaugural Ada Lovelace fellow, Clemson University
  77. Divyansh Kaushik, PhD student, Carnegie Mellon University
  78. Dmitrii Ustiugov, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
  79. Earl W. Huff Jr., Ph.D. Candidate, Clemson University
  80. Eliot W. Robson, PhD Student, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  81. Elizabeth Resor, PhD Candidate, UC Berkeley School of Information
  82. Emad Heydari Beni, PhD candidate, KU Leuven
  83. Emilia Gan, PhD Student, University of Washington
  84. Emily Tseng, PhD Student, Cornell University
  85. Emma Lurie, PhD Student, UC Berkeley School of Information
  86. Emma McDonnell, University of Washington
  87. Emma McKay, PhD student, McGill University
  88. Emmy Cao, UCLA
  89. Evangelia Gergatsouli, PhD Student, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  90. Evanjelin Mahmoodi, Computer Science and Mathematics Undergraduate Student, University of California, Santa Cruz
  91. Farhad Vadiee, PhD student, University of Bergen
  92. Farzin Soleymani, Grad student, Technical University of Munich
  93. Felix Neutatz, PhD student, TU Berlin
  94. Gabriel Grill, PhD Student, University of Michigan
  95. Hafez Ghaemi, Graduate Student, Polytechnic University of Turin
  96. Hamed Javidi, Computer science, Gradute Student
  97. Harjasleen Gulati, CS Student at Oregon State University
  98. Henry Zhu, Ph.D. Student, Stanford University
  99. Hossein Golestani, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
  100. Hossein Maleki, Ph.D. Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
  101. Hossein Moghaddas, Student, Sharif University of Technology
  102. Hünkar Tunç, University of Konstanz
  103. Hye Sun Yun, PhD student, Northeastern University
  104. Ian Haliburton, UCLA
  105. Ihudiya Finda Williams, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
  106. Ilir Kola, PhD Candidate in Artificial Intelligence, Delft University of Technology
  107. J Weston Hughes, PhD Student, Computer Science, Stanford University
  108. Jacob McLemore, PhD Student, The University of Tennessee
  109. Jacob Ritchie, PhD Student, Stanford University
  110. Jan-Oliver Kaiser, MPI-SWS
  111. Jane Im, PhD student, University of Michigan Information & Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan
  112. Javad Rahimikollu, Graduate Student, Graduate Student
  113. Jeffrey Gleason, Incoming PhD Student, Northeastern
  114. Jessy Ceha, Student, University of Waterloo
  115. Jip J. Dekker, PhD Candidate, Monash University
  116. João Ribeiro, Imperial College London
  117. Jonathan Lu, Medical Student, Goldwater Scholar, Stanford University School of Medicine
  118. Jose Guaro, Undergraduate, University of California, San Diego
  119. Josephine Hoy, Graduate Student, Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington
  120. Julia Cervantes-Espinoza, Educator Advocating CS for All, LAUSD Educator, Advocate of CS for All, EdTech Coach
  121. Julia Len, PhD Student, Cornell University
  122. Julien Gamba, PhD student, IMDEA Networks Institute
  123. Justine Zhang, PhD Student, Cornell University
  124. K.A. Garrett, Ph.D. Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
  125. Kamen Brestnichki, Machine Learning Scientist, University College London
  126. Kat Roemmich, PhD student, University of Michigan School of Information
  127. Katherine Song, PhD student, UC Berkeley
  128. Katie Z. Gach, PhD Candidate, ATLAS Institute, CU Boulder
  129. Kazem Cheshmi, PhD student, University of Toronto
  130. Kentrell Owens, PhD Student, University of Washington
  131. Khalil Mrini, PhD Student in Computer Science, University of California San Diego
  132. Konstantin Aal, PhD Student, University of Siegen
  133. Konstantinos Kallas, PhD student, PhD student
  134. Kyle Liang, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  135. Leo Chen, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  136. Léo Stefanesco, PhD student, Collège de France
  137. Lindsay Popowski, Undergraduate, Harvey Mudd College
  138. Linghui Luo, PhD Candidate, Paderborn University
  139. Liz B. Marquis, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan School of Information
  140. Lucy Li, PhD Student, University of California, Berkeley
  141. Luke Swanson, PhD Student, University of Wisconsin-Madison
  142. Lydia Burger, Undergraduate Student, University of Oklahoma
  143. Lydia Stamato, PhD Student, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
  144. M. Hammad Mazhar, University of Iowa
  145. Mahdi Belbasi, PhD candidate
  146. Mahdi Sedaghat, PhD student of Cryptography in Cosic, Ku Leuven
  147. Mahsa Alimardani, PhD Student, University of Oxford
  148. Majid Rasouli, Ph.D. Student, University of Utah
  149. Mania Abdi, Northeastern university
  150. María Virginia Sabando, PhD student, Departemnt of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina
  151. Mark Schultz, PhD Student, UC San Diego
  152. Maroussia Lévesque, Attorney; doctoral candidate, Harvard Law School
  153. Mary Anne Smart, PhD student, UC San Diego
  154. Maryam Akbari-Moghaddam, Computer Science, McMaster University
  155. Masoud Mokhtari, Machine Learning Graduate Student, University of British Columbia
  156. Masoumeh Abolfathi, PhD Candidate, University of Colorado Denver
  157. Matin Yarmand, PhD Student, UC San Diego
  158. Matthew Jörke, PhD Student, Stanford University, PhD Student
  159. Maximilian Berens, PhD Student, TU Dortmund University
  160. Mayowa Oke, Princeton University
  161. Mazda Moayeri, University of Maryland
  162. Maziar Hafezi, Mr, University of Toronto alumni
  163. Mehran Shakerinava, McGill University
  164. Mehri mehrnia, PhD candidate, Illinois institute of technology
  165. MG Hirsch, University of Maryland
  166. Michael Levet, PhD Student, University of Colorado Boulder- Department of Computer Science
  167. Michael Rivera, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University
  168. Michael Schröder, PhD Student, TU Wien
  169. Michelle Lam, PhD Student, Stanford University
  170. Michelle Lin, Student
  171. Mihir Mongia, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  172. Mohamed Elgaar, PhD Student of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell
  173. Mohammad Amin Charusaie, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
  174. Mohammad Bakhshalipour, PhD Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University
  175. Mohammad Chegini, Student of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
  176. Mohammad Dehghan, Graduate Student, University of Waterloo
  177. Mohammad Hossein Rimaz, Computer Science Student
  178. Mohammad M. Ahmadpanah, Ph.D. Student, Chalmers University of Technology
  179. MohammadHossein AskariHemmat, PhD Student, Polytechnique Montreal
  180. Mollie Shichman, University of Maryland, College Park
  181. Molly Jane Nicholas, Graduate Student Researcher, University of California, Berkeley
  182. Morgan Wofford, PhD Student, University of Michigan
  183. Mostafa Touny, Software Engineering Student, 6th of October for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)
  184. Nadia Karizat, Master of Health Informatics, Candidate, University of Michigan School of Information
  185. Naji Shajarisales, Graduate Research Assistant, Carnegie Mellon University
  186. Nalini Singh, Graduate Student, MIT
  187. Nava Haghighi, Stanford University
  188. Navid Rahimi, M.Sc. in Computer Science, Simon Fraser University
  189. Navid Salehnamadi, Software Engineering, Graduate Student, University of California, Irvine
  190. Negar Arabzadeh, Computer science graduate student, University of Waterloo
  191. Negar Ghorbani, PhD Candidate in Software Engineering, University of California, Irvine
  192. Negar Khojasteh, PhD Candidate, Cornell University
  193. Negin Alimohammadi, PhD student, University of Washington
  194. Neilly Tan, PhD Student, University of Washington
  195. Neophytos Charalambides, PhD candidate, EECS Department, University of Michigan
  196. Nishant Rodrigues, PhD Candidate, University of Illinois @ Urbana-Champaign
  197. Omid Heravi, UC Berkeley
  198. Orfeas Stefanos Thyfronitis Litos, PhD Student, University of Edinburgh
  199. Panayiotis Smeros, PhD Student, EPFL
  200. Pang Wei Koh, PhD Student, Stanford University
  201. Pashootan Vaezipoor, University of Toronto
  202. Patrick Lin, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  203. Patrick Naughton, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  204. Pedram Daee, Aalto University
  205. Pedram Safi, Graduate Student of Computer Science, University of Southern California
  206. Peyman Momeni, Computer Science Graduate Student, University of Waterloo
  207. Pooja Ravi Kulkarni, PhD student at UIUC, UIUC
  208. Psi Vesely, UCSD
  209. Qiaosi Wang, PhD Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
  210. Raiyan Abdul Baten, PhD Student in Engineering, University of Rochester
  211. Ramin Mousavi, PhD candidate, University of Alberta
  212. Ramy Shahin, PhD Student, University of Toronto
  213. Rëza Habibi, PhD Student, University of California, Santa Cruz
  214. Ria Stevens, McGill University
  215. Rina R. Wehbe, PhD Computer Science, UWaterloo
  216. Rob Fitzgerald, PhD Candidate in Computer Science, GAANN Fellow, University of Colorado Denver
  217. Robert Andrews, PhD Student, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  218. Robert P Gauthier, PhD Student, University of Waterloo
  219. Rolando Garcia, PhD Student, UC Berkeley
  220. Rose Kunkel, Ph.D. student, University of California, San Diego
  221. Roshni Sahoo, Stanford University
  222. Roya Sabbagh Novin, Research assistant, University of Utah
  223. Rucha Ravi Kulkarni, PhD candidate, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  224. Saber Sheybani, PhD candidate in Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington
  225. Saeed Rashidi, PhD Student, Georgia Institute of Technology
  226. Saeedreza Shehnepoor, PhD Student, The University of Western Australia
  227. Saeid Amiri, PhD candidate, SUNY Binghamton
  228. Sahand Mozaffari, Research Assistant, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
  229. Sam McGuire, UCSD
  230. Samantha Robertson, PhD Student, UC, Berkeley
  231. Samira Abnar, University of Amsterdam
  232. Sarah Pearman, PhD student in Societal Computing, Institute for Software Research, Carnegie Mellon University
  233. Sarah Perou Hermans, Fourth year medical student, Tulane University
  234. Sarah Sterman, PhD Candidate, UC Berkeley
  235. Saransh Gupta, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
  236. Sayyed Ata Naghedifar, Computer Science Student, Sharif University of Technology
  237. sepideh maleki, PhD candidate, The University of Texas at Austin
  238. Seyed Mohammed Sadegh Mahdavi, Student in Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
  239. Shabnam Nazmi, Machine learning research assistant, North Carolina A&T State University
  240. Shaghayegh Esmaeili, Ph.D. Student, University of Florida
  241. Shahriar Shayesteh, M.Sc. student, University of Ottawa
  242. Shahriar Talebi, PhD student, University of Washington
  243. Shawheen Y Naderi, Student
  244. Shayan Hosseini, MSc Student, UBC
  245. Shiva Ketabi, University of Toronto
  246. Soheil Changizi, Computer Science Master Student, University of Manitoba
  247. Sohil Vaidya, Graduate Student of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
  248. Sophie Huiberts, PhD Candidate, CWI
  249. Steven Rick, PhD Candidate, UC San Diego
  250. Talia Ringer, PhD Student, University of Washington
  251. Tanvi Bajpai, Student, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  252. Tobby Lie, Student of Computer Science, University of Colorado Denver
  253. Tom Darin, Graduate Student, UCLA
  254. Udayan Tandon, PhD Student, University of California, San Diego
  255. Václav Rozhoň, PhD Student, ETH Zurich
  256. Vahid Mafi, PhD Candidate, IT Manager, Modares University
  257. Vahid shahrivari, SUT
  258. vasilis gavrielatos, PhD student computer science
  259. Victoria Dean, PhD Student, Carnegie Mellon University
  260. Vishvajeet N, PhD candidate, Rutgers University
  261. Weena Naowaprateep, CSEd Ph.D. Candidate, Mahidol University
  262. Yaghoubi, Neuroscience student, PhD student at McGill University
  263. Yasaman Sefidgar, PhD Student, University of Washington
  264. Yasamin Nazari, PhD student, Johns Hopkins University
  265. Yaser Souri, Ph.D. Student, University of Bonn
  266. Yixin Zou, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan
  267. Yousof Azizi, PhD Candidate & Lecturer, Virginia Tech School of Public & International Affairs
  268. Yuhao Zhang, PhD Student, UC San Diego
  269. Zahra Tarkhani, University of Cambridge
  270. Zaid Qureshi, Research Assistant, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
  271. Zeerak Waseem, PhD student, University of Sheffield

– Industry and More:

  1. Aakar Gupta, Research Scientist, Facebook Reality Labs Resarch
  2. Adel Ahanin, Risk Researcher, BAM
  3. Afsaneh Rigot, Researcher, ARTICLE 19 and Harvard
  4. Afshin Oroojlooyjadid, Machine Learning Developer, SAS Institute
  5. Ahmad Beirami, Research Scientist, Facebook AI
  6. Alan Jeffrey, Software Engineer
  7. Alex Hanna, Senior Research Scientist, Google Research
  8. Ali Alkhatib, Director, Center for Applied Data Ethics
  9. Ali Parsai, Research Engineer, PhD Computer Science from UAntwerpen, Belgium, Flanders Make
  10. Alice Yeh, Technical Program Manager
  11. Amanda Stent, NLP Architect, Bloomberg
  12. Amer Diwan, Distinguished engineer, Google
  13. Amin Dahesh, Engineering manager at Facebook
  14. Amin Jorati, Applied Scientist
  15. Amir Abdi, Research Engineer, BorealisAi
  16. Amir H Gholamipour, Senior Firmware Engineer, SpaceX
  17. Amir Hossein Ghamarian, Phd
  18. Amir Kiani, Product Manager, Google Inc.
  19. Amir Maleki, Software Engineer, Ansys Inc
  20. Amirhossein Aleyasen, Research Scientist, Datometry
  21. Amirsina Eskandarifar, Data Scientist, Analytics group
  22. Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Principal research scientist
  23. Andrew Hill, Data Analyst, National Jewish Health
  24. Anoush Najarian, Software Engineering Manager, Chair of AI Track, GHC (Grace Hopper Celebration), NeurIPS Meetup Chair, MathWorks
  25. Aram Hamidi, Data Scientist, Caltech affiliate via JPL
  26. Arash Iranzad, AI team lead, Ciena
  27. Arash Vahdat, Senior Research Scientist, NVIDIA
  28. Armin Salimi, Ph.D., Natural Resources Canada
  29. Arsham Mostaani, Nokia Bell Labs
  30. Arsia Takeh, Director of Data Science, 1health
  31. Ashkan Balouchi, Vice President, Finance
  32. Asif Hussain Shahid, Software engineer
  33. Azadeh Keivani, Co-founder and CEO, Digital Age Academy
  34. Babak Salamat, Staff Software Engineer, Google
  35. Backsun Sim, Software developer, Job seeker
  36. Bahram Fallah, Compliance Manager, IT Global Environmental Compliance
  37. Bahram Rushenas, Solution Architect
  38. Bashir Sadjad, Senior Software Engineer, Google Canada
  39. Behdad Esfahbod, Software Engineer, –
  40. Behjat Siddiquie, Research Scientist, Amazon
  41. Behnam Anjomruz, Software Engineer
  42. Behnam Neyshabur, Staff Research Scientist, Google
  43. Behnaz Edalat, Software Engineer
  44. Ben Carterette, ACM SIGIR Chair, Research Manager, Affiliated Associate Professor, Spotify / University of Delaware
  45. Bijan azodi, IT manager, IT
  46. Boshra Nabaei, Software engineer, User Testing
  47. Brent Miller, Software Engineer
  48. Burak Emir, Alchemist of Happiness, Google
  49. Carlo Curino, Principal Scientist Manager, Microsoft GSL
  50. Charles C Earl, Data Scientist, Automattic.com
  51. Chetan Ganjihal, AI Architect
  52. Christina Calio, Consultant, Code.org
  53. Cyrus Safaie, Director, Research Science
  54. Cyrus Safaie, Director, Research Science, Convoy
  55. Danial Ehyaie, Entrepreneur and university of Michigan Alumni, PhD University of Michigan
  56. Daniel Khashabi, Young Investigator, Allen Institute for AI
  57. David A. Shamma, ACM Distinguished Member, IEEE Senior Member
  58. David M Neto, Senior Staff Software Developer, Google Canada
  59. David Qorashi, Senior Software Engineer
  60. Dawn Sheirzad, Product Manager
  61. Dean Jansen, Executive Director, Participatory Culture Foundation
  62. Deborah Katz, Ph.D. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University
  63. Dr. Matthias J. Sax, Software Engineer, Confluent Inc.
  64. Dr. Nima Kaviani, Principal Solutions Architect, Amazon Web Services
  65. Dustin Frazier, IT Professional
  66. Ebrahim Songhori, Software Engineer, PhD, Google Inc
  67. Ehsan Amid, Computer Science, PhD
  68. Ehsan Behnam, Applied Scientist, Amazon Inc
  69. Ehsan Iranmanesh, Research Scientist, 1QBit
  70. Ehsan Jahangiri, Sr. Research Engineer, Apple Inc.
  71. Ehsan Kazemi, Research software engineer, Google
  72. Ehsan Keramati, Automation Engineer
  73. Ehsan M. Kermani, Applied Scientist, Amazon Web Services
  74. Ehsan Mirsaeedi, Senior Software Engineer
  75. Ehsan Vahedi, Senior Data Scientist, Microsoft
  76. Erfan Sadeqi Azer, PhD of computer science, Indiana University
  77. Etienne Obriot, Technical project manager
  78. Fardin Abdi, Sr. ML Engineer, Pinterest
  79. Fariba Armanfard, Electrical and computer engineer
  80. Farkhan Jamalzadeh, Wireless Network Specialist, Iver Sweden
  81. Fernando Diaz, Research Scientist, Google
  82. Frédéric Dubut, Principal PM Manager, Microsoft
  83. Gary Walker, Client Success Manager
  84. Gelareh Manghebati, Barrister & Solicitor, Memorial University of Newfoundland (alumni), University of Manitoba (alumni)
  85. Hadi Partovi, CEO and co-founder, Code.org
  86. Hadi Zarkoob, Senior Data Scientist, Senior Data Scientist
  87. Hamdan Azhar, Data Scientist
  88. Hamed Alemohammad, Chief Data Scientist, Radiant Earth Foundation, Radiant Earth Foundation
  89. Hamed Noori, CEO at SenseNet Inc., University of British Columbia
  90. Homayun Afrabandpey, Senior scientist, Nokia Tech.
  91. Hossein Hamooni, Research Data Scientist, Facebook
  92. Houman Kamali, Software Engineer, Rivian
  93. Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin, Research Scientist, Google Research
  94. Iman Rahmatizadeh, Engineering Manager, Google
  95. James Armontrout, Psychiatrist, Department of veterans affairs / Stanford affiliate faculty appointment
  96. James Davies, Softer Engineer, Imperial College London
  97. Jared Weakly, SWE/SRE
  98. Jeffrey Mogul, Principal Software Engineer, Google
  99. Jennifer Pierre, User Experience Researcher, Google
  100. Jesse Hall, Software Engineer, Google, LLC
  101. Jill Dimond, PhD, Sassafras Tech Collective
  102. Jill Susan Boon, VP, People
  103. Joanne Ma, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley School of Information
  104. Jofish Kaye, ACM Senior Member
  105. John Tang, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
  106. Jonas Manuel, Software Engineer
  107. Joshua Muskovitz, Software Engineer
  108. Joyojeet Pal, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
  109. Jude Nelson, Research Scientist, Stacks Open Internet Foundation
  110. Karthik Ramakrishnan, Director Alexa AI
  111. Kaveh Shahabi, Software Engineer, Google Inc.
  112. Kevin Dean, Software Developer
  113. Kianoosh Mokhtarian, Senior Software Engineer, Google
  114. Kiko Fernandez-Reyes, Software Engineer, Klarna
  115. Lauren Chambers, Staff Technologist, ACLU of Massachusetts
  116. Leigh Yeh, AI Engineer, Beyond Limits
  117. Mahtab Sabet, Software Engineer, Amazon
  118. Manohar Swaminathan, Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
  119. Mariam Asad, PhD, Georgia Tech
  120. Mary L. Gray, Senior Principal Researcher, Professor of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, MacArthur Fellow, Microsoft Research and Indiana University
  121. Masoud Loghmani, Product Manager
  122. Masoud Tavazoei, Software Engineer, Stanford Alumni
  123. Masrour Zoghi, Software Engineer, Google Research
  124. Matias Bonaventura, Computer Science PostDoc, UBA-CONICET
  125. Matt Nobar, Product leader
  126. Matthew Reynolds, Computer Scientist, Industry professional
  127. Meghan Combs, Product Manager
  128. Mehdi Aghagolzadeh, Research scientist
  129. Mehdi Noroozi, Researcher, Bosch Center for AI
  130. Mehran Mohtasham, Engineer, Education/Community College
  131. Mehrdad Farajtabar, Research Scientist, Google DeepMind
  132. Mehrtash Babadi, Associate Director of Machine Learning, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
  133. Michael Madaio, Postdoctoral researcher, Microsoft Research
  134. Michael Muller, ACM Distinguished Scientist, (a technology company)
  135. Michael Norrish, Research Scientist, CSIRO, Australia
  136. Mike Fulton, IBM Distinguished Engineer, IBM Canada
  137. Mikhail Jacob, Researcher, Microsoft Research
  138. Milad Naseri, Software Engineer, Google
  139. Mina Sedaghat, Senior researcher, Ericsson research, Senior researcher, Ericsson research
  140. Moein Hosseini, Software Engineer
  141. Mohammad Hossein Bateni, Staff Research Scientist, Google
  142. Mohammad Hossein Sedighi Gilani, Data Engineer
  143. Mohammad Mahdian, Senior Staff Research Scientist, Google Research
  144. Mohammad moghadamfalahi, Head of machine learning and algorithms, Liminal sciences
  145. Mohammad Nick, Software Engineer, Zalando SE
  146. Mohammad Norouzi, Research Scientist, Google
  147. Mohammad Saber Golanbari, System Engineer, Robert Bosch GmbH
  148. Mohammad Soltani, Director of AI, AI R&D devision
  149. Mohammadali Ghodrat, Software Engineer
  150. Mohammadhasan Owlia, Software Engineer, Ezra AI
  151. Mohsen Hejrati, Director of Engineering, Genentech
  152. Momin M. Malik, PhD, Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University
  153. Mona Sergi, Software Engineer, Google
  154. Muhammad Nabeel, Robotician, EDVON
  155. Muminat Budishcheva, Mgr in Journalism
  156. Nam-phuong Nguyen, Bioinformatic principal scientist, Boundless Bio, INC
  157. Nancy Baym, Sr Principal Research Manager, Microsoft Research
  158. Naser Peiravian, Machine Learning Engineer
  159. Nastaran Bassamzadeh, Data scientist, Amazon
  160. Nicolas Le Roux, Research scientist, Google
  161. Nicole Immorlica, Senior Principal Researcher, Microsoft Research
  162. Nishant Subramani, Predoctoral Resident, Intel Labs
  163. Nithya Sambasivan, Staff researcher, Google Research
  164. Oktie Hassanzadeh, Research Scientist, IBM Research
  165. Paige Lowe, Software Engineer, ACM-W NA
  166. Parastoo Geranmayeh, Software Engineer
  167. Parham Pashaei, PhD Candidate. Curriculum Development Lead, Diversifying Talent in Quantum Computing, The University of British Columbia
  168. Parisa Taheri, Product Manager, Microsoft
  169. Parviz Rushenas, Principal engineer
  170. Payam Siyari, Senior Data Scientist, Aurora Innovation, Inc.
  171. Paymon Rokni, Sr. Software Development Manager, Amazon
  172. Pedram, Automation Engineer
  173. Pooya Esfandiar, Software Engineering Manager, UBC CS alumnus
  174. pouriya jahanbakhsh, Software Developer, Software developer
  175. Pratyay Mukherjee, Researcher, Visa Research
  176. Rad Akefirad, Software Engineer
  177. Ram Shankar S Siva Kumar, Principal Program Manager, Microsoft, Berkman Klein Center at Harvard University
  178. Ramis Movassagh, Research Staff Member, IBM Research
  179. Razieh Behjati, Senior Software Engineer, PhD, Google
  180. Reza Arbabi, Director of Software Engineering
  181. Reza Fathzadeh, Software Engineer, Data Analyst
  182. Robert McKeon Aloe Ph.D., Engineering Manager, Apple Engineer
  183. Robert V. Welland, Software Architect, Worked at Commodore, Apple, Microsoft, etc.
  184. Roberto Bifulco, Manager and researcher, NEC Laboratories Europe
  185. Rohini Jayanthi, Data & Applied Scientist, Microsoft
  186. Rohit Kumar, Consultant, VoiceThesis LLC
  187. Roozbeh Ebrahimi, Senior Staff Software Engineer, Google
  188. Rose Kue, Designer, ADP
  189. Roshanak Akram, Data Scientist, Pilot Company
  190. Roya Pakzad, Researcher in Technology and Human Rights, Taraaz
  191. Saeid Ghafouri, Vice President, Sales Operations, Work at Alphawave IP Inc.
  192. Saeid Rezaei Baghbidi, Software Engineer
  193. Saeid Rezaei, Hardware Engineer
  194. Sahand Akbari, Data Scientist, Unity Technologies
  195. Sam Harris, High School Computer Science Teacher, Montclair Kimberley Academy
  196. Sara Ahmadian, senior research scientist, google research
  197. Sasan Tavakkol, Software Engineer, Google Research
  198. Satnam Singh, Software Engineer, Google Research
  199. Seyed Alaie, Research Scientist, Research Scientist
  200. Seyed Hossein Mortazavi, Ph.D in Computer Science, University of Toronto
  201. Seyed Mohammad Hossein Hamidi
  202. Shaban Shakoori, Broker, Professional
  203. Shahab Kamali, Researcher, Google Research
  204. Shahab Tajik, Software Engineer
  205. Shahab Yassemi, Software Engineer, Amazon
  206. Shanthi Sekaran, Author
  207. Shervin Minaee, Machine Learning Lead, Snap Inc
  208. Shirin Sohrabi Araghi, Research Scientist, Research Manager, IBM Research
  209. Shohreh Shaghaghian, Senior Research Scientist, Thomson Reuters Labs
  210. Siavash Khallaghi, Machine Learning Engineer, DarkVision Technologies
  211. Sina Mobasher Moghaddam, Hardware Engineer, PhD, Apple
  212. Skyler Wharton, Software Engineer
  213. Soheil Baharian, Senior Data Scientist, PhD in physics (UIUC), Bank of Canada
  214. Somayeh Khiyabani, Staff Engineer, Qualcomm
  215. Soroosh Yazdani, Software Engineer, Google
  216. Stephanie Chan, Research Scientist, DeepMind
  217. Su Lin Blodgett, Postdoctoral researcher, Microsoft Research
  218. Surush Cyrus, Software Engineer
  219. Tahereh Javaheri, PhD, Boston University, visiting researcher
  220. Tim Prince, Software Engineer
  221. Timnit Gebru, Dr. Researcher
  222. Vahab Mirrokni, Distinguished Scientist, Google Research
  223. Vahid Arbab, Data Scientist, Hulu
  224. Vahid Ettehadi, Machine learning scientist
  225. Vahid Hashemian, Software Engineer
  226. Vahid Hejazi, Senior Scientist
  227. Vasundhara Gautam, Speech Recognition Engineer, Dialpad, Inc.
  228. Victor Zakhary, PhD, Senior Member of technical staff, Oracle
  229. Virginia Grande, PhD candidate, Uppsala University
  230. Wayne W Zachary, PhD, Managing Parter and CEO, Starship Health Technologies LLC
  231. Yasaman Sedaghat, Software Engineer
  232. Yue Feng, Software Engineer
  233. Zahra Nazari, Research Scientist, Spotify
  234. Zahra Shamsi, Software Engineer, Google Research

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https://www.cs.huji.ac.il/item/news/6803

The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering at the Hebrew University
Congratulations to Prof. Jeffrey Ullman from Stanford University on winning the Turing prize

6/4/21

Congratulations to Prof. Jeffrey Ullman from Stanford University on winning the Turing prize (joint with Alfred Aho)!
Prof. Ullman received this award, often called the Nobel prize of CS, for his work on fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and others in highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists.
Prof. Ullman is also a generous benefactor to our department, and his help is instrumental in providing student stipends, and supporting the Data and Computing Center.

Our heartiest Mazal Tov!  

==================================================
https://www.chronicle.com/article/iranian-american-group-calls-on-stanford-to-censure-professor/

Iranian-American Group Calls on Stanford to Censure Professor

By Josh KellerJANUARY 5, 2011

An Iranian-American group has asked Stanford University to censure a professor for what it calls “racially discriminatory and inflammatory” comments to an Iranian student who was asking him about admission to Stanford.

The professor, Jeffrey D. Ullman, wrote in an e-mail to a student at Sharif University in Tehran that he could not help the student gain admission to Stanford. “And even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people,” Mr. Ullman wrote.

The e-mail continued, “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the U.S., they have to respect the values we hold in the U.S., including freedom of religion and respect for human rights.”

The group, the National Iranian American Council, cited the e-mail in a letter to Stanford’s president on Monday. In the letter, the group calls on the university to distance itself from the comments and take disciplinary action against the professor. It also objects to a document about Iran and Israel that Mr. Ullman has posted on his faculty Web site.

“Racial and political discrimination such as this surely cannot be compatible with Stanford University’s values,” wrote the group’s policy director, Jamal Abdi. “Does the university not frown on professors making and communicating arbitrary policy decisions reflecting their own politics—and using university-hosted forums to do so?”

A Stanford spokeswoman said on Wednesday that Mr. Ullman has no involvement in the admissions process and that he does not represent Stanford. “He’s expressing his personal opinion and that’s his prerogative,” said the spokeswoman, Lisa Lapin. “We don’t have anything further to say about it.”

In an interview, Mr. Ullman acknowledged writing the e-mail but called the group’s claims “so freaking ridiculous.” He said he was expressing a political view about the actions of the Iranian government, and that Iranians need to know that “nobody’s going to treat them very kindly if the country behaves the way it does.”

  He said he should have made it clearer in his e-mail that he was expressing his own view, not an official Stanford policy. “But it should be pretty obvious that I’m not a Stanford admissions officer,” he said.===============================================================================
https://web.archive.org/web/20061030080448/http:/infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html

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Answers to All Questions Iranian

Every few weeks I get an email from someone claiming to live in Iran. They usually have a Hotmail account or Yahoo mail account; some even managed to get a gmail account. They have a question for me, ranging from technical (“Is it true that all grammars can be put in an unambiguous form?”, “Is there a theory that information can be neither created nor destroyed?”) to the political (“Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner/take land from Native Americans/Depose Mossadegh, etc. etc.?”, or “How do I justify ‘Zionist crimes’, etc.?”).

I’m not sure why I get these, or whether other academics get them as well. I have a theory that there is a concerted attempt by some Iranian group to probe for friends in the US or elsewhere. I would be interested to know if others have experienced the same sort of email-writing campaign that I have. Possibly, the Article on Fundamentalism that I wrote is circulated in Iran. One correspondent commented “It is well known that I hate Iranians,” even though the article doesn’t mention Iran explicitly, and I actually have no such feelings. I do believe that the fundamentalist government of Iran is a huge problem, both to its own people and to the world. But the people are just fine, when allowed to participate in a free society.

So in order to save everybody a lot of time, I’m going to write down the answers to representative questions.

Question: Can I get into Stanford?

Answer: Probably not. At least I can’t help you. Admissions for undergraduates are not handled by faculty at Stanford or any US school. For graduate work, a committee of faculty and students selects admittees. The process is honest and fair; no faculty member can or would influence the process. See More on the Subject.

Question: Why did the US shoot down an Iranian airliner?

Answer: Did you know that at the time, Iran was threatening US shipping in the Persian Gulf? Were you told that the airliner was not carrying a transponder to identify it, and had taken off from a military airport? When a country such as Iran takes warlike actions, unfortunately mistakes happen. Had you been in command of the American ship involved, you could not have risked a sneak attack and would have done exactly the same thing.

Question: Why did the US take land from the Native Americans?

Answer: Because that’s the way things happen and always have happened. Technologically more advanced civilizations replace less advanced civilizations. I have a question of my own, which none of my Iranian correspondents was willing or able to answer. About 2500 years ago, there was a great Persian civilization. I have a suspicion that the people of Cyrus, Darius, and the other famous Persian kings were not living in Persia from the time of Homo Habilis. Where did the Persians come from, and whom did they replace? And why didn’t they respect the rights of the weaker civilization that was living on the land that is now Iran?

It is striking that Iranians have no trouble pointing to questionable actions of America and the rest of the free world, yet they give themselves, and Islamic terrorists in general, a free pass for much more heinous crimes. As a start, look at the first act of the fundamentalists in Iran: holding hostage the US diplomatic corps. Contrast that blatant violation of international law and tradition with the way America treated Japanese diplomats after the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. Diplomats were permitted to return home, as we were obliged in 1941 to do, and as Iran was obliged in 1979 to do. To make the contrast more extreme — the Japanese ambassador had been instructed by his government to present a declaration of war an hour before the Pearl-Harbor attack. But he neglected to do so!

Even more telling is the Iranian ranting over the fact that in the recent conflict between Israel and the Iranian-sponsored Hizbollah militia, Israel accidentally killed some civilians that Hizbollah was using as human shields. Yet at the same time, Iran provided missles whose sole purpose was to kill civilians. I think it is time that Iran looked into its own sense of ethics, and cleaned up its own act before presuming to tell the rest of the world about right and wrong.

Question: Why did the CIA depose Mossadegh in 1953?

Answer: As I understand it, Mossadegh nationalized the oil resources that had been developed by US and other Western oil companies. It is an interesting question whether natural resources should belong to the people who accidentally built homes on top of it, or to the people whose technology made it possible to extract those resources. I suspect that in 1953 the answer was clearly the latter, but as time went on, political philosophy went toward the former. Thus, seeing the events of 1953 through modern eyes, it looks different from what it was in its time. Regardless, if a country wants to import technology, as every developing nation should, it has to acknowledge the rule of law and respect its agreements with the companies that supply the technology. The penalty for not doing so is that the country will not have access to technology, and it appears that Iran is suffering from exactly that problem today.

Question: Why didn’t the US stop the Rwandan genocide (or other similar events)?

Answer: Curiously, Iran and many countries object to the US playing “policeman” for the world. Yet alone among countries, the US sometimes uses its resources to help countries when there is no benefit to us whatsoever. There are examples ranging from the Marshall plan in Europe after WW-II, to Kuwait and Kosovo. Where was Iran? Where is everybody now, when Arabs are killing and raping in Darfur?

Question: What do I think of Zionist crimes (sic)?

Answer: If you are referring to the actions of the state of Israel, I don’t see Israel as acting in a criminal way, given the circumstances. Rather, the criminals are Hamas, Hizbollah, and all the other Islamic terrorist groups that intentionally target innocent civilians rather than welcoming Israel into their midst. They could be having the benefits of a neighbor that is adept at modern, Western technology and is generous enough to share its advantages with friendly neighbors. It is not a crime for Israel, or any other country, to defend itself to the maximum extent possible from those sworn to kill its citizens.

I think that Iranians, from their president on down, could use a history lesson. Here are the relevant facts:

  • Jews have lived in the land that is now Israel for the past 3000 years. However, the Jewish population started to increase in the 1800’s, when Jews bought the land from its owners under Ottoman law. Nothing was stolen, and the influx of Jews was not a result of the Balfour declaration in 1917 or actions of the European powers. In fact, Great Britain acted to keep Jews out of the land of Israel prior to 1948. So when your president rants that the Holocaust was imaginary, tell him that, not only is he wrong, but it doesn’t matter. That is not why Israel exists.
  • Israel was formed by vote of the UN and has all the legitimacy of any other member of the UN. The notion that Arabs were pushed out of the land of Israel is nonsense. There was an exchange of populations similar to what had happened the year before when India and Pakistan were partitioned. In each case, I am sure that people on both sides chose to move because they preferred to be with their coreligionists. It may be that some of the 700,000 Jews who left Arab lands feared for their safety had they stayed, and it may be that some of the 600,000 Arabs who left Israel believed that they would be harmed if they stayed there. However, it is ridiculous to imagine that the motivations were different for these Arabs from what they were for the Moslems who left India for Pakistan (foolishly, it turns out — a secular, democratic state takes care of its people much better than a theocratic state), or the Hindus who left Pakistan, or the Jews who left Arab lands. The bottom line: there is neither precedent for, nor justification for, the “right of return” of Palestinians to the homes they chose to abandon for foolish reasons.
  • Immediately after its creation, Israel was attacked by Arab armies from countries 150 times its size. These Arab armies were crushed, and Arab land was lost, resulting in the “1967 borders.”
  • Although Arabs could have had the 1967 borders any time up to 1967, simply by making peace with Israel, they did not do so. Rather, they kept up terror attacks from wherever they could launch them, and many Israelis were killed by Nobel Laureate Yasser Arafat and his crew. It is important to bear this fact in mind, when you hear apologists for terror saying that it is justified by the fact that Israel won’t return to its 1967 borders. The real reason for the terror is that Islamic fundamentalists cannot accept a non-Moslem state in territory they fantacize belongs to them.
  • After 1967, Arabs attacked again in 1973 and were again beaten back. Over the past 20 years terrorist groups have launched several campaigns against Israel, and have had to be beaten back by attacking where they live. Like the cowards of Hizbollah, they hide behind their own children and their neighbors’ children in order to make it appear that it is the Israelis who are committing crimes. However, if you think about it, there is no other possible response to terrorists who hide among civilians (negotiating with terrorists just guarantees that the more vicious and irresponsible a group behaves, the more power it has to influence events). It is the responsibility of those around them to round them up and control them. If not, one should never blame the victim of terror for fighting back in the only way victims of this “asymmetric warfare” can.

So instead of crying about “Zionist crimes,” I strongly recommend that our Iranian friends look into the crimes of the Islamists among them and the Islamists that Iran sponsors.

Question: Why won’t Israel compromise?

Answer: I never did find out what sort of compromise this questioner had in mind, but the answer is that of course Israel will compromise. In the year 2000, Israel offered to give back 98% of what the Arabs had lost in 1967. However, the compromise should take into account the three generations of hostility that has come from Israel’s neighbors, and the fact that Israel has been victorious in all these actions. The proper comparison is what happened after World Wars I and II (or any other major war, I would imagine). The victor gets to determine the compromise. Look at what happened to Germany. They shrunk after WW-I and again after WW-II. But what remains is a prosperous, proud country. Look what happened to Japan after WW-II. They lost territory too, but came to be a dominant economic power.

I cannot speak for Israel, but I strongly believe that if the Arabs would offer a settlement that gave Israel a little extra land in compensation for the repeated aggressions of Arabs, and if the Islamic community would sincerely agree to drop the idea that there is something wrong with a democratic, non-Moslem state in the Middle East, then I think the rewards would actually flow to the Arab neighbors. Germany and Japan are excellent examples of what could happen. But while Germany and Japan had their own technology base on which to build after WW-II, in the case of Israel and its neighbors, the Israeli technology base would prove an added benefit to the Arabs. One of the great shames of Islamic fundamentalism is that it neglects to develop a technologically capable population. In the modern world, the benefits of “keeping up” are enormous. Israel could help its neighbors catch up with all the third-world countries that are now beginning to grow modern economies. But the choice is with the Moslem world: continue to wallow in self-pity, while patting yourselves on the back for your “piety,” or realize that the world today is not the world of Mohammed, and you need to throw off the yoke of religious extremism and get to work.

Question: Do I think Iran is trying to develop nuclear weapons?

Answer: Of course. The proof is that oil-fired power plants are much safer than nuclear plants, as we saw at Chernobl, just to mention the most devastating case. Iran has plenty of oil and does not need to take the risk of developing nuclear power plants.

Iran’s drive for nuclear weapons puts into clear focus the foolishness of the mullahs who rule the country. When the Shah was calling the shots, he spent oil money to send Iran’s best and brightest to the US for a technical education. As soon as the mullahs took over, that all stopped, and Iran has done nothing to build a modern technology-based economy the way so many countries have done with a boost from US education. Unlike many of these countries, which are not blessed with copious oil revenue by the way, Iran has spent its money on incredibly stupid projects. Every Iranian must realize that should they ever build and use a nuclear weapon, the country would be obliterated in the next hour. So nuclear weapons will not enable you to be taken seriously on the world stage; only a strong technology base and an inventive people who contribute solutions to the great problems of the day can do that.

Perhaps worse, what money you are not spending on nuclear-weapons development is being spent equally unwisely. Recall the Chinese proverb about “give a man a fish and he’ll eat for a day; teach him to fish and he’ll eat for a lifetime.” What you are doing is definitely giving out fish. As mentioned above, you are failing to invest in the best available education for your brightest citizens. Worse, look at how you spend your money in Lebanon, and to an extent Gaza, Judea, and Samaria. You hand out charity to let Islamic fundamentalist parties gain supporters, but you never do anything to educate these people or help make them self-sufficient. You give them expensive missles to commit murder. Then, when their nonsense backfires (and even Nasrallah has admitted he made a big mistake), you throw more money at them to clean up the destruction, all the time claiming it is Israel’s fault for defending itself. No; it is your fault for choosing to start trouble with the very money that could have meant a better life for the poor of Iran or — should you choose to donate some of the money — poor people in places like Lebanon.

===================================https://www.acm.org/response-to-letter

Response to the Open Letter from CSForInclusion to the Committee of the ACM A.M. Turing Award and ACM

ACM promotes the exchange of ideas and freedom of thought and expression as central to the aims and goals of ACM. Achieving these goals requires an environment that recognizes the inherent worth of every person and every group. ACM’s commitment to diversity and inclusion is explicit in ACM’s Core Values statement, in the efforts of the ACM Diversity and Inclusion Council, and in the ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.

Even with the best of intentions, however, the processes in place may not always guarantee we explicitly consider these goals in every step or action ACM takes. When we become aware of the need to improve processes, we do it. The Statement on the Selection of Jeffrey Ullman for a Turing Award affords such an opportunity by raising two important issues for ACM regarding our commitment to core values and ethical and professional behavior in the ACM awards program. We address these issues below.

  1. Report on the specifics surrounding this nomination, especially the extent of checks and balances that are in place to ensure that the process of awarding the highest distinction in computing is protected against violations of the ACM mission and its core values.

    Response: ACM, the ACM Awards Committee Co-Chairs, and the ACM Turing committee members first became aware of the statements of Jeffrey Ullman when the social media discussion began after the 2020 A. M. Turing Award was announced. As part of the Awards process, ACM routinely checks whether we have received any complaints about award nominees with respect to ACM’s Code of Ethics or other policies. In this case, we determined that no complaints had ever been filed against Jeffrey Ullman. ACM also relied on the submitted nomination package and carefully evaluated the letters provided by the nominator and the endorsers to assess the candidate’s worthiness for an award. No red flags were raised in the nomination package.
  2. Clarity from ACM on establishing compliance with its core values, particularly on D & I standards, as an explicit criterion for receiving this award. If not, transparently state that behaviors that directly damage inclusivity and diversity in the computing field are not relevant in the criteria listed by ACM for this award.

    Response: The Selection Criteria  for the A.M. Turing Award emphasize technical achievement and lasting impact. ACM has already begun to design a process that explicitly takes ACM values into account in all award decisions. We will continue to check into the professional background of award nominees. Recognizing that ACM might not have access to all such information, we will enhance the nomination form beginning with the next ACM awards cycle later this year. Award Nominators and Endorsers will be required to indicate whether they know of any ACM Code of Ethics violations or behavior inconsistent with ACM values, and any positive responses will initiate further examination of the suitability of the candidate for the award. We will publish full details about this process for ACM awards before the next award cycle begins.

====================================================https://web.archive.org/web/20200208113853/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/niac2.html

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 About this captureIf you are reading my pages with an eye to engaging in the NIAC vendetta, please be advised that I will not read your email, but I will archive it in case I decide later that I need to take legal action or turn the matter over to the police.

Also, please read the document carefully, and do not take Mr. Hojabri’s bizarre interpretation seriously. In particular, I have been accused of “racism” on the basis of my document, which is an absurd conclusion. Rather, as my email mentioned by Hojabri stated, I would (hypothetically) elect not to help a student from Iran gain admission to Stanford ahead of more qualified students, were such a thing possible (which it is not). It is my choice, after all, and my reasons are purely political. I suspect that many NIAC members boycott Israeli products, regardless of whether the manufacturer supports the present Israeli government (and they act in the real world, not my hypothetical world). Are they guilty of racism?

To make Mr. Hojabri’s misreading of my article even more ridiculous, the end of the second paragraph clearly states my admiration for Iranian students I have known at Stanford. Stanford policy, as well as my own ethics, dictates that all Stanford students in my classes or who come in contact with me in any way are treated in a uniform matter. In fact, when I grade my class, I do so from a spreadsheet that omits names, leaving only scores. That protects me from inadvertently downgrading a student for any reason (e.g., they’ve been obnoxious in class), not just their race, gender, or ethnicity.=============================================
https://web.archive.org/web/20200213142924/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/niac.html

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 About this captureThere is apparently a group on Facebook, the redundantly named “National Iranian-American Council” (NIAC), that has started a vendetta against me. I’m not on Facebook, so I can’t see for certain, but here’s an excerpt from my Wikipedia page as of 5:39PM Tuesday the 5th of January, 2011. There is apparently one of these little wars in cyberspace going on, where part of NIAC’s game is to edit in ridiculous accusations about what I said or believe, so if you view the page, you might get something entirely different. The following was apparently written by a member of a group that endeavors to monitor the activities of NIAC, and I appreciate their support.

In 2011, Ullman has come under fire for making allegedly discriminatory, anti-Iranian remarks through email correspondence and web postings, as was the opinion of the bullying group NIAC (National Iranian American Council).

In one email to an Iranian graduate student, the professor responded to an inquiry about admission to his department saying, “Even if I were in a position to help, I will not help Iranian students until Iran recognizes and respects Israel as the land of the Jewish people.” The professor went on to write, “If Iranians want the benefits of Stanford and other institutions in the US, they have to respect the values we hold in the US.” (See http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/iranian.html)

The professor’s courageous public Stanford website includes a page entitled “Answers to All Questions Iranian,” in which he expresses his political views on questions such as why the US shot down an Iranian airliner in the 1988 or why the CIA deposed Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh in 1953. The page, written as a series of questions from Iranians with answers from the professor that he receives repeatedly via email, also includes the question, “Can I get into Stanford?” with the honest response, “Probably not. At least I can’t help you. Admissions for undergraduates are not handled by faculty at Stanford or any US school. For graduate work, a committee of faculty and students selects admittees. The process is honest and fair; no faculty member can or would influence the process.”

Iranian Americans, notably Dr. Fredun Hojabri, the former Professor and Academic-Vice Chancellor of Sharif university of Technology, have raised the situation with Stanford in public without discussing this with Ullman first in a bullying campaign. NIAC condemned the allegedly “racially discriminatory and inflammatory public communications” in a letter to Stanford’s president in public. The National Iranian American Council called for Stanford, which is home to a large population of Iranian and Iranian-American students, to clarify the university’s position regarding the remarks and to take disciplinary measures, without first talking to Ullman.

Apparently much of the fuss has centered around the possibility that I was, in the quoted email about “If Iranians want the benefits…,” speaking for Stanford. It is an absurd conclusion, given that I also comment on “all US institutions,” and surely no one believes I speak for the entire academic community. However, I probably should have prefixed the comment with “in my opinion.” Emails are written quickly, and it is incredibly silly for the NIAC people to react this way without even asking what I meant.

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https://web.archive.org/web/20061030075847/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/pub/fundamentalism.html

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 About this capture

Some Thoughts on the Bombings of Sept. 11

Jeffrey D. Ullman — 10/30/01; later additions

Like everyone, I’ve been quite affected by the attacks apparently perpetrated by fundamentalists on 9/11/01. I’d like to set down a few thoughts, none of which are remarkable or original, but I’ll feel better putting them in print. Feel free to email me with your own point of view on the various subjects covered below. However, be warned that I reserve the right to make your email available on the Web, link to it, and comment upon it.

1. Fundamentalism

Just prior to the millenium, I was polled by a magazine about a number of questions I really couldn’t answer, like what will the world be like in 1000 years? The one question to which I felt I could respond was “What is the greatest danger in the world today?” My answer: Fundamentalism.

Fundamentalism is a belief that the world is not complex, but really simple if you follow the simplistic ideas of the group at hand. Many religions foster a fundamentalist offshoot; it’s not an Islamic thing. In fact, it’s not always a religious thing, and we see fundamentalism in various guises. It is always characterized, as the name implies, by a set of assumptions that are not open to debate and that trump all other concerns. The most insidious of these assumptions is that there is a supreme being who believes and wishes exactly what the fundamentalist group in question believes. You can’t argue with them, you can’t reason with them, and if you disagree with them, they have a “big brother” who will beat you up.

Right now, the Islamic fundamentalists have center stage. But we should never forget that there are other fundamentalist groups out there, such as the Christian fundamentalists in the US or the ultra-orthodox Jewish fundamentalists. And while they differ on their fundamental, nonnegotiable views of the world, they each claim a right to impose their simplistic view on the general population, without the normal constraints, such as respect for life, that apply to people without an imagined mandate from some god. Notice that the anti-abortion fundamentalists share with the perpetrators of the bombings of Sept. 11 a willingness to kill and to bomb, e.g., abortion clinics. Yes, I know that in each case, it is only a small minority of the adherents who kill. But in each case the fundamental assumptions, and the assumed undeniability of those assumptions, are used to justify murder.

In fact, the second most disgusting story of the week of Sept. 11 was Jerry Falwell announcing that the bombings were really a punishment from his god for our tolerance of people or positions he disagrees with, such as feminism or homosexuality. Nice going, Jerry. Thanks for reminding us that the healthy feeling of unity and solidarity among all kinds of Americans doesn’t apply to people who don’t meet your Procrustean standard of permissible behavior.

Even those fundamentalists who do not consider murder an appropriate method of carrying out their god’s wishes commit a crime of a more subtle nature. They limit the options their children have to create their own lives and to choose their own futures. (Thanks to my wife Holly for pointing out what should have been obvious to me.) The Taliban makes sure that women receive no useful education; so do the Jewish ultra-orthodox. Christian fundamentalists are big on “home-schooling,” to make sure their children are not exposed to ideas with which they disagree. To be honest, I am uncertain how one goes about assuring that children have opportunities. There are great dangers in having a state decide the set of ideas to which children need to be exposed. However, I also believe that the only long-term solution to the scourge of fundamentalism is broad educational opportunities and exposure of all children everywhere to the mix of possible ways to view a complex world.

Added 8/2/04: It’s been almost 3 years, and our President has evidently not yet seen the contradiction of fighting Islamic fundamentalism on one hand and leaping into bed with Christian fundamentalists on the other. In addition to muddling the war on terrorism, he has continued to support the Christian-fundamentalist agenda against abortion, gay marriage, and most ludicrously against stem-cell research. His lack of thought and reasoning points up another common property of fundamentalisms: they are frequently based on an interpretation of ancient text written by someone who could not possibly understand modern issues. Moreover, this interpretation is often the work of a modern “thinker” with an ax to grind. Ask yourself realistically: what would Moses have thought of stem-cell research? Did Jesus think that cold callers could enter the kingdom of heaven? What part of a spammer’s anatomy would Mohammed have advised cutting off? The answer, of course, is that none of these guys had any clue about these or other issues that have surfaced since they wrote. Unfortunately, we have in the United States today a leadership that fantacizes answers to these questions based on the writings of people who had no clue about the questions, let alone the answers.

2. Recommended Reading

A few weeks ago, we were cleaning house and a book called Big Trouble by Dave Barry surfaced. Barry’s books are very funny, so I read it. As soon as I finished, I learned that it was about to be released as a movie. But it’s never going to play in theaters, at least not for quite a while. However, I recommend the book highly, even if it does include episodes such as bad guys taking a nuclear weapon through an airport security check by waiting while all the guards converge on a businessman carrying a laptop.

Added 4/12/02: The movie has reemerged, although I have not seen it. I’m willing to bet that they redid it to soft-peddle Barry’s satire of the foolish security guards that concentrate on people that are obviously not the problem.

3. The Palestinians

Will the Palestinians finally forsake terror as a political approach and start building both better lives for themselves and a better relationship with their Israeli neighbors? We should not forget that Israel, a country with about 1.5% of the US population, suffers due to terrorist attacks a proportional World-Trade-Center bombing every 3 months. Somehow the world largely failed to notice or care, or equated random acts against civilians with carefully targeted military action. Suddenly the world comprehends that the Israeli approach to fighting terror is not a defect of character but is the only possible response other than surrender.

Let’s remember that the last attempt to build a peace fell apart when, after being given essentially everything they want short of the dismantling of the Jewish state, the Palestinian side suddenly demanded that millions of their number be allowed to live in Israel itself. A few historical facts and comparisons:

  • The Palestinian refugees fled Israel in 1948 as the result of a war imposed on Israel by six or seven Arab neighbors, with 150 times the population. The Arabs at that time not only failed to drive the Jews out, but they lost ground, and the “refugees” voluntarily fled from the ground they lost. Arabs have chosen to keep these people in camps as a festering sore.
  • At the same time, a roughly equal number of Jews fled from Arab lands to Israel. In contrast, these refugees were welcomed and integrated into the new state. No Arab state has offered any compensation for the property they lost.
  • Additional territory was lost in 1967, when Egypt blockaded the Israeli port of Eilat and Syria bombarded Israel from the Golan Heights, leading to an Israeli response that put an end to both these aggressions.
  • Compare the situation when India and Pakistan were divided. There, 40,000,000 people moved across the border to the side they preferred. All were accommodated on “their” side and not used as hostages by their own people to support territorial claims on the other side.
  • Added 5/11/02: Another interesting comparison is with what happened between Greece and Turkey in 1922. The Greeks suddenly had to resettle 1.5 million people, and did so without using them as hostages for political gain. An old friend has written an Account of the Events as told to him by his Mother, who was one of those relocated. Added 4/2/05: I received an email from Okan Kolak, a student at U. Maryland, who points out that there were also half a million refugees from Greek lands who suddenly had to resettle in Turkey. It was never my intent to suggest that the problem was one-sided. My informant tells me that the Turkish refugees were also “assimilated into the general population over time.” Again, there was no notion of “right of return,” a concept that seems unique to the Palestinians, among all historially known resettlements of refugees.
  • Added 9/16/02: I was reading The Middle East by Bernard Lewis (Simon and Schuster, 1995), and he tells what happened in the early days of the Islamic Jihad. The conquering Arabs took the land all over the Middle East from its rightful owners. They also took the women, and largely bred out of existence the indigenous populations. This is the land that Palestinians now protest so vehemently belongs to them, rather than the people their ancestors took it from.
  • Mr. bin Laden and other pro-Arab polemicists would have you believe that the land of Israel is really “Islamic territory” stolen by the Jews. The fact is that in the mid 19th century, the land was essentially unpopulated desert. Of the people living there, a substantial portion were Jews, as had been the case throughout recorded history with a few brief periods when Jews were evicted by the Babylonians, and then the Romans. In mid 19th century, European Jews, bringing the best agricultural technology of the day bought land from its rightful owners, and proceeded to reforest the land and to create agricultural settlements. These developments brought an influx of Moslems into the land, especially after the famine of 1905. It is mostly the descendants of these immigrants who are portrayed by the anti-Israel forces as the “original inhabitants of the land.” It ain’t so.

So here’s what I hope could happen:

  1. Mr. Arafat gets serious about controlling the criminals in his own country, and prevents them from attacking another. He rearrests the known terrorists whom he let out of jail to further his chosen brand of “warfare.”
  2. He accepts the consequences of two generations of mismanagement of the refugees and of the Arab relationship with Israel, and does not expect more than other states have gotten in similar circumstances.
  3. The quarter of a billion dollars under the control of Mr. bin Laden is identified and turned over to the Palestinians, to start building a new life for these unfortunates. Build a few chip plants. Or how about a few universities that compare to the Israeli schools, to create a population that sustains a prosperous country? And how about big contributions from the Saudis and other oil kingdoms, and from all the Arab countries that allowed the Palestinians to fester in their “refugee camps,” both before and after they fell under Israeli control?

4. Avoid a Two-Front War

I predict that the “war on drugs” is going to get in the way of the war on terrorism. For a simple example, the first time I traveled to Israel, I was surprised when check-in included a search of my bags. It was explained that they were not looking for drugs or import violations, and even if they found such, they would not report it or make note of it. They did, however, demand to search for the sole purposes of security.

For another example: poppies are a principal crop of Afghanistan. If we want the friendship of the typical Afghani — and I hope our leaders realize that we can’t possibly win the war without winning friends — we can’t also try to eradicate a major source of their wealth. We can deal with the problem at the consumption end if we must, but let’s not get confused where our real interests lie. Aside Re DrugsAdded 4/12/02: Well the war in Afghanistan turned out better than I would have expected. The city folks, at least, seemed genuinely happy to be rid of the fundamentalist regime. But wouldn’t you know it — with all the other problems the Karzai government is facing, they have to start arresting the poppy farmers. I suspect US pressure is behind it; Hamid Karzai comes across as a pretty sensible guy. I have an idea. Leave the Afghani farmers alone, let them earn a little hard currency, and start arresting tobacco farmers in North Carolina instead. They sell a substance that is far more deadly, and they export their trouble around the world. (Thanks to Stu Reges for making me see the contradiction between how we treat the tobacco industry and the “drug” industry.)

The new issue is with the obvious need for integrating information sources of all kinds, such as credit-card and bank transactions, phone calls, enrollments in flight schools, purchases of crop-dusting equipment and a million things I can’t think of that, in the hands of a skilled analyst, could pinpoint a terror plot. However, in order to justify this step as a war measure, we need to make sure it is never used to track drug dealers, or develop evidence of infidelity, embezzlement, or any other crime that is not an act of war against this or another country. Apparently the Israelis have managed to keep the two separate, and we can too, if we have the will to do so. Added 5/14/02: It’s as bad as I feared. Dionne Warwick was busted at a security checkpoint for carrying marijuana in a lipstick case (note to self: find out why her “psychic-friends” network didn’t warn her). And a guy carrying grass was caught and claimed (falsely) that he had a knife. So what do our defenders of public safety and morality do? They shut down the terminal for three hours and rescreened everyone. “Procedures,” apparently.

Modern technology has given criminals and terrorists many new and deadly options. Just about the only defensive weapon to come out of the developments of the past 50 years is information technology: our ability to learn electronically what evils are being planned. If we use it wisely, we can keep our personal freedom, yet use information effectively against its enemies.

5. Battle of the Nephews

Added 4/12/02: I heard the following story after writing the original article. It’s hard to know what to make of it, but it is sufficiently weird I think it’s worth telling.

I have a nephew who went to a toney eastern college. He somehow got in with a bad crowd — conservatives who are as foolish for trying to steal our freedom to act as the liberal “political correctness” gang is for trying to control what we are permitted to say or think. Anyway, my Nephew wrote an article for the campus conservative magazine several years ago, advocating the profiling of Arab men at airport security checks.

This article caused a great hue and cry on campus. So great was the righteous indignation that the campus administrators did the only thing a politically correct campus administration could do: they closed down the conservative magazine.

Now here’s the funny part. Who was the leader of the voices raised against my Nephew’s improper thought? Ans.: One of the many nephews of Osama bin Laden.

6. Definition of Terrorism

Added 4/13/02: I received a number of emails arguing that US bombing in Afghanistan, which had the unfortunate effect of sometimes accidentally hitting civilians, or what Israel does to root out terrorists in the Palestinian territories, again sometimes killing civilians among which the terrorists hide, were themselves forms of terrorism. Nope; it ain’t, but the difference is remarkably subtle. Here’s my theory why the killers of 9/11, or the Palestinian suicide/homicide bombers, are different.

First, while it is far from obvious, organized (i.e., nonterrorist) warfare has a peculiar benefit. While our attention gets fixed on the times when nations go to war and on all the stupid devastation that results, we don’t notice the times that the “warfare process” causes a resolution of disputes without bloodshed. That is, there must be far more times when diplomats looked at what the capabilities of the other side were and decided not to go to war, but to resolve the question in the favor of the side that would have won anyway. Curiously, “lesser” species seem to have a better grasp of this idea than we do. It is quite normal for, say, two moose to resolve a dispute by batting horns, and the loser winds up with a headache, instead of dead, as they would if the combat continued to its natural conclusion.

Humans do a certain amount of this demonstrating as well. The USSR was fond of parading its missiles through Moscow, not because everyone loves a parade, but because it reminded other nations of the outcome of attack. The tragedies come when one side does not see the logical outcome of war, which is why making capabilities clear saves lives.

The great flaw of terrorism is that by its nature there can be no posturing, no demonstration of capabilities, no opportunity for two states to consider who could perform the most violent terrorist acts against the other. For example, you may have many suicide/homicide bombers already brainwashed and ready for action. But you can’t parade them through Ramallah. Anybody could dress up carrying real explosives around their waist pretending to be willing to carry out an act of terrorism, but you wouldn’t believe they represented a threat until the threat was carried out.

Thus, while conventional warfare gives the sides an option of reasoning out what the result of war would be, terrorism leaves the combatants with only one option: go at it until one is wiped out. Notice what happened in Israel when the Palestinians demonstrated their misunderstanding of this point. They caused the deaths of many innocent victims, and at the present time they are learning what the only outcome can be: tit-for-tat killings. I wish the Palestinian leaders had been able to think clearly about the inevitable outcome of their choice, and taken the very generous deal that Barak offered them almost two years ago. But I can only grieve for the innocents who never had the opportunity to tell Mr. Arafat not to kill in their name, and who became the victims of the inevitable reprisals caused by terrorism.

7. Report on a Year’s Worth of Comments

Added 9/16/02: I received a number of emails from people who read this article during the first year. Not surprisingly, they were, as far as I can tell, all from Computer Scientists, since no one else would have found it. (Google still lists no links to this document other than from my home page.) The responses generally fell into three categories:

  1. All fundamentalists except my kind of fundamentalist are wrong, so you should change your article to exempt my group.
  2. You are a Zionist pig, and how dare you say all those nasty things about Yasser Arafat et al.
  3. How dare you criticize anti-abortionists.

The first group were typically Jewish ultra-orthodox. For example, one said of my comments that fundamentalists share a common disrespect for the lives of those who disagree with them: “you can’t find any quote or action of any ultra-orthodox person ever suggesting that anybody’s life should be taken in different circumstances than (sic.) the circumstances in which secular individuals would generally justify it.” Well it is true that the Islamic fundamentalists are in a class by themselves in this matter, but I recall living in Jerusalem in 1984, when the ultra-orthodox were throwing rocks through the windshields of cars that drove on the sabbath. They didn’t appear to concern themselves whether they caused an accident that killed the driver, or perhaps some innocent child.

In the second category, the following remark, edited only to correct grammar and spelling, stands out for its subtlety: “if any one believes in what you said, I will call him the most arrogant idiot ignorant Zionist extremist, and racist I have ever seen.” The gentleman was at least polite enough to allow me the “out” of admitting that I didn’t really mean anything I said in this article. This same fellow admonished me to (again, grammar and spelling edited) “Stop using your university resources to impose your political opinions because it is against the constitution to do so.” Apparently this fellow was in the US for some time and was teaching a course at a university, but a few basic concepts of how a democracy works had eluded him.

My favorite of the third category was a fellow who tried to resurrect the old argument that I think was due to Pascal (who when he wasn’t busy inventing programming languages, tried to prove the existence of God). It says basically, that if you follow what he perceives as God’s law — in this case, outlawing abortion — then your downside is limited: a few women have to deal with children they don’t want (his view, not mine). But if you flout God’s law, then the risk is infinite. In Pascal’s terms it was eternal damnation, while in the terms of my correspondent, it was the loss of millions of the souls of fetuses. The fallacy in this sort of argument is that it can apply to absolutely any idea. If God turns out to be a giant chicken, then I would impair my immortal soul to eat at KFC. Are you willing to risk it? As always, its people with these unalterable and undebatable ideas that want you to consider their theology as special and unique.

And curiously, no one was willing to put their arguments in a document that I could link to, although several wanted me to add their thoughts to my own document, which I ain’t gonna do.

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https://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/~dolev/scharf.html

October 2006

Prof. Jeffrey and Holly Ullman,
decided to support our Computer Science Department

Professor Jeffrey (Stanford University, CA) and Holly Ullman,
in consultation with Professor Shlomi Dolev (BGU),
recently established the Martha and Solomon Scharf Prize
for Developing Excellence in Computer, Communications and
Information Sciences, supporting excellent students.
In addition they will support research activity in the computer science disciplines.

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